Valvular Diseases - Symptoms, Causes and Prevention

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Valvular Diseases in Urdu

دل کے چار وال ہوتے ہیں جو دل سے جسم کی طرف خون کی روانی کو کنٹرول کرتے ہیں۔ ان میں کسی ایک بھی وال کی خرابی یا ناکاری کی وجہ سے دل کی بیماری کی علامات سامنے آ سکتی ہیں۔ جب یہ وال سخت یا تنگ ہو جاتے ہیں تو جسم کو خون کی فراہیم متاثر ہوتی ہے اور خون واپس دل میں جمع ہونے لگتا ہے۔ یہ صورتحال سٹروک یا پلمونری ایمبولیزم کا باعث بن سکتی ہے۔ 

Doctors For Valvular Diseases

Summary about Valvular Diseases in English

 The heart has four valves that regulate the flow of blood from the heart to the body. These are:

• Tricuspid valve
• Mitral valve 
• Aortic valve 
• Pulmonary valve 

In healthy individuals, these valves open and close in a timely manner thus ensure proper blood flow to the body. In the case of valvular disorders, these valves become too narrow or fail to open and close efficiently termed as stenosis and incompetence respectively. In case of stenosis, blood is pushed back into the adjacent heart chamber whereas in case of incompetent valve blood is leaked back into the previous chamber. To make up for poor pumping heart overworks making its muscles thicken and enlarged which resultantly decreases their elasticity and efficiency. Additionally, the blood collected in chambers can clot increasing chances of pulmonary embolism and stroke. 

Symptoms of Valvular Diseases

Symptoms of valvular disease depend upon ow slowly of abruptly the disease develops. If it develops slowly your heart might adjust to it and symptoms may be less noticeable. Also, it is important to mention that the severity of the symptoms in this particular disease does not correlate directly with the severity of the disease. This disease shares some symptoms of those in CHF. Which are wheezing, swelling of feet, hands, abdomen, and ankles along with shortness of breath. Other symptoms are:

•  Fatigue 
• Dizziness
• Fainting 
• Irregular heartbeat
• Fever
• Chest pain 

Causes of Valvular Diseases

Valvular diseases can be congenital ie present by birth or these can develop later in life due to causes mentioned below:

1. Tissue degeneration with age.
2. Rheumatic fever.
3. Bacterial endocarditis.
4. Hypertension.
5. Atherosclerosis. 
6. Damage due to heart attack.
7. Diseases such as carcinoid tumors, SLE, syphilis, and rheumatoid arthritis can also render damage to heat tissues.
8. Radiation therapy and medicines such as methysergide can also promote this disease.

Risk Factors of Valvular Diseases

Factors that add to the odds of having valvular diseases are:

• Age.
• History of heart disease.
• Diabetes.
• Hypertension.
• High cholesterol levels.
• Congenital heart defects.
• Certain infections that can damage the heart.

Preventive Measures of Valvular Diseases

Preventive measures for valvular diseases include:

• Following a heart-healthy lifestyle.
• treating sore throat abruptly.
• Following prescribed treatment for existing heart disease if any.
• Proper blood sugar control.
• Quitting smoking and limiting tobacco usage.