Coronary Artery Disease Meaning in Urdu, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

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Coronary Artery Disease Meaning in Urdu

کورونری شریانوں کی بیماری، ایک دل کی بیماری ہے جس میں دل کی شریانیں تنگ یا بند ہو جاتی ہیں، جس کی وجہ سے دل کو خون اور آکسیجن کی مناسب مقدار نہیں ملتی۔ یہ بیماری دل کی صحت پر اثر ڈالتی ہے اور اگر بروقت علاج نہ کیا جائے تو دل کے دورے یا دیگر سنگین پیچیدگیوں کا سبب بن سکتی ہے۔ یہ بیماری مختلف شدت کے ساتھ ظاہر ہوتی ہے، اور بعض افراد میں صرف معمولی علامات ہوتی ہیں، جبکہ دیگر کو مستقل طبی علاج کی ضرورت پڑتی ہے۔

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About Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a heart condition caused by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries. It happens due to a buildup of plaque which is a combination of fat, cholesterol, and other substances. This reduces blood flow to the heart muscle, which can lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or heart attacks.

The disease develops gradually and can vary in severity from mild symptoms to life-threatening complications. Risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, and lifestyle habits play a significant role in CAD. Timely detection and proper management can reduce the risk of heart attacks and improve quality of life.

Coronary Artery Disease Symptoms

Coronary artery disease symptoms may develop slowly over time. Contact your doctor if you notice:

• Chest pain (angina)
• Fatigue 
• Weakness
• Pain in the arms, neck, jaw, shoulder, or back
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Dizziness 
• Fainting
• Swelling in legs, ankles, or feet

Seek urgent medical care if you notice:

• Severe chest pressure
• Shortness of breath at rest
• Sweating
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Sudden confusion 
• Weakness on one side of the body
• Signs of a heart attack

Coronary Artery Disease Causes

Coronary artery disease is primarily caused by atherosclerosis. It is the buildup of plaque inside the coronary arteries. Other contributing factors include:

• High cholesterol levels
• High blood pressure
• Diabetes 
• Insulin resistance
• Smoking 
• Tobacco use
• Obesity 
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Poor diet (high in saturated fats and sugar)
• Chronic stress
• Family history of heart disease
• Age (risk increases with age)
• Excessive alcohol consumption

Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors

Some risk factors can be controlled, while others cannot:

• High blood pressure 
• High cholesterol
• Diabetes
• Smoking
• Poor diet
• Excessive alcohol use
• Family history of heart disease
• Older age
• Stress and depression
• Poor sleep patterns

Coronary Artery Disease Prevention

Preventive measures can significantly reduce coronary artery disease risk:

• Maintain a healthy diet and weight
• Exercise regularly
• Quit smoking 
• Avoid tobacco
• Control blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes
• Limit alcohol consumption
• Manage stress effectively
• Get regular health checkups
• Avoid sedentary behavior
• Take prescribed medications consistently

Coronary Artery Disease Types

Coronary artery disease can occur in several forms, depending on severity and symptoms:

Stable Angina:

In this type, chest pain or discomfort occurs during activity or stress and improves with rest or medication.

Unstable Angina:

It is the type of chest pain that occurs unexpectedly, even at rest, and may signal a heart attack.

Silent Coronary Artery Disease:

Some people have blocked arteries without any symptoms. These may only be detected during medical tests.

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS):

This refers to a sudden decrease in blood flow to the heart, including heart attacks and severe unstable angina.

Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis

Doctors use multiple methods to diagnose coronary artery disease. These include:

• Physical examination and medical history review
• Blood tests for cholesterol, triglycerides, and cardiac enzymes
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) to detect heart rhythm problems
• Echocardiogram to evaluate heart structure and function
• Stress tests to assess blood flow during activity
• Coronary angiography (heart catheterization)
• CT or MRI scans of coronary arteries
• Holter monitor for continuous heart rhythm tracking

Coronary Artery Disease Treatment

Coronary artery disease treatment depends on severity and individual health needs. Some effective approaches are:

Lifestyle Changes:

• Heart-healthy diet (low in saturated fat, salt, and sugar)
• Regular exercise
• Weight management
• Smoking cessation
• Stress reduction

Medications:

• Antiplatelets to prevent blood clots
• Statins to lower cholesterol
• Beta-blockers to reduce heart workload
• ACE inhibitors to control blood pressure
• Nitroglycerin for angina relief
• Blood thinners if necessary

Procedures and Surgeries:

• Angioplasty and stent placement to open blocked arteries
• Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
• Other minimally invasive interventions for severe blockages

Supportive Care:

• Cardiac rehabilitation programs
• Regular monitoring by a cardiologist
• Education about lifestyle changes and medication adherence

Coronary Artery Disease Complications

If untreated or poorly managed, coronary artery disease can lead to:

• Heart attack (myocardial infarction)
• Heart failure
• Irregular heartbeat)
• Stroke
• Sudden cardiac arrest
• Chronic chest pain (angina)
• Reduced quality of life
• Kidney damage due to reduced blood flow
• Depression and anxiety related to chronic illness

Get Expert Advice on Marham for Coronary Artery Disease Treatment

Marham helps you connect with trusted, verified, and experienced cardiologists for expert advice. You can easily find the best cardiologist for coronary artery disease in Pakistan to guide you and recommend the right treatment.

Disclaimer

Marham shares expert-reviewed information to support your health journey. The information on this page is only to guide and inform you. For any personal advice, it's always best to check with a medical professional.