ہائیڈرونفروسس گردے کی ایک حالت ہے جس میں گردے میں پیشاب جمع ہونے لگتا ہے، جس کی وجہ سے گردے پھول جاتے ہیں۔ یہ عام طور پر اس وقت ہوتا ہے جب پیشاب کا بہاؤ کسی رکاوٹ یا دیگر مسائل کی وجہ سے متاثر ہوتا ہے۔ ہائیڈرونفروسس ایک سنگین حالت بن سکتی ہے اگر اس کا بروقت علاج نہ کیا جائے، کیونکہ یہ گردے کو مستقل نقصان پہنچا سکتی ہے۔ اس بیماری کی علامات کا انحصار اس کی شدت پر ہوتا ہے اور ہر مریض میں مختلف ہو سکتی ہیں۔
Urologist, Sexologist, Andrologist
MBBS, FCPS (Urology), FCPS (Surgery)
Urologist, Sexologist, Urologist, Endourologist, Andrologist
MBBS, FCPS (Urology), FACS (USA)
Urologist, Sexologist, Andrologist
MBBS, FCPS, Fellow (European Board Urology)
Hydronephrosis meaning in Urdu is “گردے کا سوج جانا”. It is a condition in which one or both kidneys become swollen because urine (pee) cannot flow out properly. This usually happens when something blocks the normal path of urine, like a kidney stone or another problem. The word "hydronephrosis" means “water in the kidney,” which shows how urine builds up inside. It can affect anyone, from babies to older adults. If not treated on time, it can damage the kidneys. Sometimes it gets better on its own, especially in mild cases. However, in more serious cases, doctors may need to do a small surgery to remove the blockage and help urine flow normally.
Hydronephrosis symptoms can vary depending on the condition:
Watch for the following signs:
Flank pain on one or both sides
Nausea
Vomiting
Difficulty urinating
Weak urine stream
Increased urge to urinate
Fever
Swelling of the abdomen
Blood in urine
Pain during urination
Contact a doctor immediately if you notice:
Persistent pain in the back or side
High fever
Chills
Inability to urinate
Decreased urine output
Signs of kidney infection
Hydronephrosis can be caused by several underlying factors. These include:
Kidney stones blocking the urinary tract
Enlarged prostate in men
Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Pregnancy-related pressure on the ureters
Congenital abnormalities in children
Tumors compressing the urinary system
Scar tissue from previous surgeries
Urine flows backward
Bladder dysfunction
Nerve damage
Obstruction from blood clots
Several factors may increase the risk of developing hydronephrosis, such as:
Family history of kidney disease or stones
Frequent urinary tract infections
Enlarged prostate in older men
Being pregnant
Congenital urinary tract defects in infants
History of abdominal or pelvic surgery
Neurological disorders affecting bladder control
Tumors in pelvic areas
Tumors in abdominal areas
Use of certain medications that affect urine flow
While some cases cannot be prevented, you can reduce your risk through:
Staying well-hydrated to prevent stone formation
Treating urinary tract infections promptly
Monitoring and managing chronic medical conditions
Practicing safe hygiene to prevent infections
Avoiding delay in urination
Following up on any abnormal kidney scans
Regular prenatal checkups during pregnancy
Early detection of urinary abnormalities in infants
Reducing intake of salt and oxalate-rich foods if prone to stones
Regular screening if you have a family history of kidney issues
Hydronephrosis is usually classified based on the location, duration, and cause:
This type affects only one kidney and is more common. It may result from kidney stones, tumors, or structural blockages.
This involves swelling in both kidneys and may indicate a more severe blockage, especially in the bladder or urethra.
It develops quickly and is often very painful. It is usually caused by sudden blockage, such as a kidney stone.
This type of hydronephrosis occurs gradually over time and may not present symptoms until significant kidney damage has occurred.
This type is present at birth. Ut results from developmental abnormalities in the urinary tract and is detected through prenatal ultrasounds.
It occurs without a physical blockage due to nerve or bladder dysfunction that interferes with urine flow.
Doctors may use several tests to confirm hydronephrosis and identify the cause:
Physical examination and symptom review
Urinalysis to detect infection or blood
Blood tests to assess kidney function
Ultrasound imaging to visualize kidney swelling
CT scan or MRI for detailed urinary tract images
Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
Renal scan to evaluate kidney drainage
Cystoscopy to examine bladder and urethra
Post-void residual urine measurement
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
Urodynamic studies in cases of bladder dysfunction
The treatment of hydronephrosis depends on its underlying cause, severity, and duration:
Antibiotics for associated infections
Pain relievers
Anti-inflammatory medications
Monitoring mild cases
Monitoring pregnancy-related cases
Ureteral stent insertion to bypass the blockage
Nephrostomy tube placement for temporary drainage
Lithotripsy to break down kidney stones
Pyeloplasty for congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction
Tumor removal or prostate surgery if applicable
Hydration management
Dietary modifications to prevent stone recurrence
Management of chronic conditions like diabetes or hypertension
Post-treatment follow-up imaging
Pediatric follow-up for congenital cases
If not treated in time, hydronephrosis may result in serious complications:
Permanent kidney damage or kidney failure
Recurrent urinary tract infections
High blood pressure
Urosepsis in case of infection spread
Electrolyte imbalance
Chronic kidney disease
Pain and reduced quality of life
Increased risk of kidney stones
Urinary incontinence or retention
Complications during pregnancy for women
Surgical complications if treatment is delayed
Growth and development issues in infants
Marham enables you to communicate with experienced healthcare professionals to obtain professional guidance. Through Marham, you can find the best specialist for hydronephrosis who provides expert treatment advice.
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