سسٹ ایک بند، تھیلی نما ڈھانچہ ہے جو جسم کے مختلف حصوں میں بن سکتا ہے۔ اس میں عام طور پر سیال، نیم ٹھوس مواد یا ہوا شامل ہوتی ہے۔ زیادہ تر سسٹ سومی (غیر کینسر والے) ہوتے ہیں، لیکن کچھ اپنے سائز، قسم اور مقام کے لحاظ سے مسائل پیدا کر سکتے ہیں.
A cyst is a small lump or pocket that forms in or on your body. This sac contains fluid, air, or other materials. Think of it like a water balloon under your skin or inside your organs. Most cysts aren't dangerous, but they can sometimes hurt or get infected. You might notice a bump you can feel, or an internal cyst might only be found during medical tests. Common places include the skin, ovaries, breasts, and kidneys, but cysts can pop up almost anywhere.
Cyst symptoms appear depending on the location and type. Contact a physician if you feel these symptoms:
Lump or swelling under the skin
Pain or tenderness in the affected area
Redness or warmth around the cyst
Drainage of pus or foul-smelling discharge
Increased pain with movement or pressure
Hair loss over skin cysts
Contact your doctor immediately if you notice:
Rapid growth in size
Severe pain
Signs of infection
Rupture of the cyst
Cyst causes include different factors such as:
Blockage of ducts happens under the following causes:
Obstruction of oil glands
Blocked sweat glands
Clogged hair follicles
Blocked fluid drainage
Infections happen under the following causes:
Bacterial infections
Parasitic infections
Inflammatory responses
Post-infectious reactions
Other causes happen due to the following:
Genetic conditions
Hormonal fluctuations
Defects in cells during development
Chronic inflammation
Injury or trauma
Some risk factors of cysts you can control, others you can't, such as:
Hormonal imbalances
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Underlying skin conditions
Previous joint damage
Genetic disorders
Chronic inflammation
Poor hygiene
Repeated skin injuries
Occupational factors (pressure or friction)
Tight clothing
Sedentary lifestyle
Some cysts are more common at certain ages
Certain cysts affect one gender more than the other
Some cyst types run in families
Having one cyst increases the risk of more
Some form during development
While not all cysts can be prevented, these measures may help:
Treat skin conditions promptly
Maintain hormonal balance
Regular health check-ups
Manage chronic conditions
Practice good hygiene
Avoid skin irritation
Wear appropriate clothing
Maintain a healthy weight
Regular physical activity
Take medications as prescribed
Follow medical advice
Seek early treatment for symptoms
Cysts come in many forms, each with its quirks:
These pesky bumps form when oil gets trapped under your skin. They show up as smooth lumps, mainly on your face, scalp, ears, and back. They grow slowly and usually don't hurt unless they get infected. If you squeeze one (though you shouldn't!), it might release thick, cheese-like stuff with a bad smell.
Often confused with sebaceous cysts, these form when skin cells that should flake off get trapped under the surface instead. They're common on the face, neck, and upper body. They feel like firm, round bumps under your skin that move slightly when pushed.
These jelly-filled sacs pop up near joints and tendons, especially around wrists and hands. They look like knots under the skin and might get bigger when you use that joint a lot. Some hurt, others don't bother you at all. They've been called "Bible bumps" because an old treatment was hitting them with a heavy book!
Many women get these fluid-filled sacs on their ovaries. Most are harmless and go away on their own. You might not even know you have one unless it grows large, twists, or ruptures – then you might feel pain or pressure in your lower belly.
These troublemakers form at the top of your buttocks crease, near your tailbone. They contain hair, skin, and other debris, and can get painfully infected. They're more common in men, people who sit a lot, and those with thick, coarse body hair.
When your knee produces too much fluid, it can form a cyst behind the knee. These feel like a bulge or tightness behind your knee, especially when you're active or fully bend your leg.
When someone reaches the doctor with cyst symptoms, doctors work through these steps:
Physical examination
Medical history review
Symptom evaluation
Assessment of risk factors
Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
X-ray
Mammogram (for breast cysts)
Fine-needle aspiration
Biopsy in some cases
Fluid analysis
Blood tests for underlying conditions
Cyst treatment depends on the type and severity:
Warm compresses to promote drainage
Over-the-counter pain relievers
Watchful waiting for small, painless cysts
Avoiding irritation or pressure
Draining the cyst with a needle
Injection of medications to reduce inflammation
Surgical removal (excision)
Marsupialization for certain types
Antibiotics to treat the infection
Incision and drainage
Complete removal to prevent recurrence
Proper wound care after drainage
Follow-up appointments
Scar management
Preventive measures
Treatment of underlying conditions
Cysts can lead to serious complications if not properly treated:
An infection that may spread
Rupture causing inflammation
Scarring after removal
Recurrence after treatment
Pain and discomfort
Interference with joint movement
Pressure on nearby structures
Cosmetic concerns
Rare malignant transformation
The effects depend on the type and location of the cyst and how quickly treatment began.
Marham enables you to communicate with experienced healthcare professionals to obtain professional guidance. You can find the best neurologist or speech therapist for aphasia treatment through Marham. You can book an online and in-person appointment with specialist doctors through Marham's website, Android app, iOS app, and by calling 03111222398.
The Marham platform strives to offer expert-reviewed information, including error elimination, to all its consumers. Patients should always consult experts for medical advice instead of relying on this information. The information available on this page is for general information purposes. Always seek medical advice from your doctor before any treatment and therapy.