Leprosy Meaning in Urdu, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

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Leprosy Meaning in Urdu

کوڑھ، جسے انگریزی میں لیپروسی یا ہینسن ڈزیز کہا جاتا ہے، ایک پرانی بیکٹیریا کی بیماری ہے۔ یہ جلد، اعصاب، آنکھوں اور ناک کے اندرونی حصے کو متاثر کرتی ہے۔ اس کی علامات میں جلد پر بے رنگ یا سن دھبے، اعصاب کا موٹا ہو جانا، اور ہاتھ پاؤں میں کمزوری شامل ہیں۔ یہ آہستہ پھیلنے والی بیماری ہے اور بآسانی نہیں لگتی۔ اینٹی بائیوٹکس کے مکمل کورس سے یہ مرض پوری طرح ٹھیک ہو جاتا ہے۔

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About Leprosy

Leprosy meaning in Urdu is "کوڑھ". It is a long-lasting bacterial infection caused by a germ called Mycobacterium leprae. The disease mainly affects the skin, peripheral nerves, eyes, and the lining of the nose. It is also known as Hansen's disease, named after the doctor who discovered the bacteria.

Leprosy spreads slowly. The bacteria can take 5 years on average, and up to 20 years, to cause symptoms after infection. It is not highly contagious, however close and long contact with an untreated patient can spread it through droplets from the nose and mouth. About 200,000 new cases are reported worldwide each year. The good news is that leprosy is fully curable with the right antibiotics, and early treatment prevents disability.

Leprosy Symptoms

Leprosy develops slowly. Common signs include:

• Pale or reddish skin patches
• Patches with loss of feeling
• Patches with reduced sweating
• Thickened skin
• Raised, firm bumps on the skin
• Nodules on the face, ears, or limbs
• Loss of eyebrows or eyelashes
• Enlarged or thickened nerves
• Numbness in the hands or feet
• Muscle weakness in the hands
• Foot drop
• Painless wounds on the soles
• Painless burns on the fingers
• Stuffy nose
• Frequent nosebleeds
• Eye problems and reduced blinking

Seek a doctor's help if you notice:

• A skin patch that does not heal
• A skin patch with loss of feeling
• Numbness in the hands or feet
• Painless wounds you did not feel happening
• Weakness in the fingers or wrists
• Foot drop
• Vision problems with skin patches
• A family member diagnosed with leprosy

Leprosy Causes

Leprosy is caused by bacteria. Common factors include:

• Infection with Mycobacterium leprae
• Infection with Mycobacterium lepromatosis (rare)
• Long and close contact with an untreated patient
• Living in crowded conditions
• Spread through nose and mouth droplets
• Weak immune system
• Genetic factors that affect immune response

Leprosy Risk Factors

You may be more likely to develop leprosy if you:

• Live with or care for an untreated patient for a long time
• Live in an area where leprosy is still present
• Have close contact with a household member who is infected
• Live in crowded housing
• Have a weak immune system
• Have a family history of leprosy
• Have HIV or take immunosuppressants
• Are exposed to certain wild animals like armadillos in some regions

Leprosy Prevention

Leprosy can be prevented by:

• Early diagnosis and treatment of cases
• Treating all close family contacts as advised by a doctor
• BCG vaccination, which gives partial protection
• Avoiding very close, long contact with untreated patients
• Maintaining good general health
• Improving housing and reducing crowding
• Public awareness to reduce stigma
• Regular screening in high-risk areas

Leprosy Types

Doctors classify leprosy based on the number of skin patches and the presence of bacteria in the skin:

Paucibacillary (PB) Leprosy

This is a milder form. The patient has 1 to 5 skin patches, and bacteria are not seen in the skin smear. Treatment usually lasts 6 months.

Multibacillary (MB) Leprosy

This is a more severe form. The patient has more than 5 skin patches, nerve involvement, or bacteria seen in the skin smear. Treatment usually lasts 12 months.

Tuberculoid Leprosy

This type causes a few, well-defined pale or reddish patches with loss of feeling. The immune response is strong. It is less severe and less contagious.

Lepromatous Leprosy

This is the most severe form. The bacteria spread widely in the skin and nerves. There are many skin nodules, thickened skin, and nasal symptoms. The immune response is weak.

Borderline Leprosy

This type sits between tuberculoid and lepromatous forms. Skin patches are numerous and vary in size. The condition can shift towards either form over time.

Indeterminate Leprosy

This is an early form. There are one or two pale patches that may either heal on their own or progress to one of the other types.

Leprosy Diagnosis

Doctors use the following methods to diagnose leprosy:

• Detailed history and skin examination
• Testing for loss of feeling in skin patches
• Examination of peripheral nerves for thickening
• Slit-skin smear for bacteria
• Skin biopsy
• Nerve biopsy in selected cases
• Blood tests in some cases
• PCR test for bacterial DNA

Leprosy Treatment

Leprosy is fully curable with the right antibiotics. The standard treatment is called Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT) and is recommended by the World Health Organization.

Home Remedies

• Take all medicines exactly as prescribed
• Complete the full course without missing doses
• Check feet and hands daily for cuts or burns
• Wear protective footwear
• Use gloves while handling hot or sharp items
• Keep skin clean and moisturized
• Treat wounds promptly to prevent infection
• Eat a balanced, nutritious diet
• Attend all follow-up visits

Medications

(All medicines must be taken under a dermatologist's or infectious disease specialist's supervision.)

• Rifampicin (a key antibiotic in MDT)
• Dapsone
• Clofazimine
• Steroids for nerve inflammation if needed
• Pain relievers for nerve pain
• Treatment for leprosy reactions
• Antibiotics for skin or wound infections

Medical Treatments

• Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT) under WHO guidelines
• Treatment of nerve damage and pain
• Physical therapy for muscle weakness
• Wound care for painless injuries
• Surgery to correct deformities of hands or feet
• Eye care to prevent blindness
• Counselling and family support
• Long-term follow-up to detect relapse

Leprosy Complications

If leprosy is not treated, it can lead to serious complications:

• Permanent nerve damage
• Loss of feeling in hands and feet
• Painless injuries and ulcers
• Muscle weakness and paralysis
• Deformities of fingers and toes
• Foot drop
• Blindness
• Damage to the nose, leading to nose collapse
• Skin disfigurement
• Social isolation and stigma
• Depression and anxiety

Get Expert Advice on Marham for Leprosy Treatment

Leprosy is curable, however early treatment is the key to preventing lifelong damage. Marham helps you connect with trusted, verified, and experienced specialists who can guide your treatment and family screening. Book an appointment with the best dermatologist through Marham today.

Disclaimer

Marham shares expert-reviewed information to support your health journey. The information on this page is only to guide and inform you. For any personal advice, it’s always best to check with a medical professional.