Blood Cancer - Symptoms, Causes and Prevention in Pakistan

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Blood Cancer in Urdu

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Doctors For Blood Cancer

Summary about Blood Cancer in English

What is blood cancer? Blood cancers are also called haematological cancers. Most of haematological cancers start in the bone marrow. Therefore blood and bone marrow cancers are often discussed together. By affecting the blood cells and the bone marrow, these cancers change how blood cells work and behave.
Blood cancers cause your bone marrow and the lymphatic system to produce blood cells that don't work properly. All the blood cancers affect different types of white blood cells in the blood, and all act differently.
When abnormal blood cells start growing out of control, they interfere with the functions of the normal blood cells, and so they become cancerous.

Symptoms of Blood Cancer

These are the common blood cancer symptoms.

• Coughing and chest pain.
• Fever
• Frequent infections
• Loss of appetite and nausea
• Itchy skin or rash
• Night sweats
• Persistent weakness
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath

Causes of Blood Cancer

Following are the common blood cancer causes

• Smoking or inhalation of toxic smoke in the environment
• Exposure to radiation
• Radiation therapy or chemotherapy to treat cancer
• Family history of blood cancer
• Genetic disorders like Down syndrome
• Obesity

Preventive Measures of Blood Cancer

The treatment of blood cancer depends upon the stage of cancer, your age, your lifestyle and overall health condition. Considering all these factors, your doctor will suggest you any of the following blood cancer treatment.  

• Stem Cell Transplantation: 
• Chemotherapy
• Radiotherapy

Types of Blood Cancer

Leukaemia

People with leukaemia produce a lot of white blood cells that can't fight infections. Leukaemia is classified into four types according to the type of white blood cell affected and whether it grows quickly (chronic) or slowly (acute).

• Acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL): This affects the white blood cells called lymphocytes. 
• Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML): This starts in myeloid cells, after which it normally grows into white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
• Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL): This is the most common type of leukaemia in adults. It starts from lymphocytes in bone marrow
• Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML): This blood cancer starts in myeloid cells, but the abnormal cells grow slowly.

Lymphoma

This is a cancer of the lymphatic system. Your lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland contain vessels that store and transport white blood cells to help fight infections. It has two further types.

• Hodgkins Lymphoma: This starts in the B-lymphocytes. 
• Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma: This starts in the B-lymphocytes or in the T-lymphocytes. 

Myeloma

Myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Plasma cells are white blood cells that produce antibodies. Myeloma cells spread through the bone marrow, damage your bones, and crowd out healthy blood cells. These also make antibodies that cant fight off infections. As this cancer is found in multiple parts of the bone marrow, it is often called multiple myeloma.