Peripheral Neuropathy Meaning in Urdu, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

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Peripheral Neuropathy Meaning in Urdu

اعصاب کی کمزوری، جسے پیریفرل نیوروپیتھی کہا جاتا ہے، ایک ایسی بیماری ہے جس میں جسم کے دور دراز حصوں کے اعصاب کمزور یا متاثر ہو جاتے ہیں۔ اس کی علامات میں ہاتھوں اور پاؤں میں سُن ہونا، جھنجھناہٹ، جلن یا تیز درد محسوس ہونا شامل ہے۔ یہ مسئلہ ذیابیطس، وٹامن کی کمی، شراب نوشی یا چوٹ کی وجہ سے ہو سکتا ہے۔ بروقت علاج اور بنیادی بیماری پر قابو پانے سے علامات کم کی جا سکتی ہیں۔

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About Peripheral Neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy meaning in Urdu is "اعصاب کی کمزوری". It is a condition in which the peripheral nerves, the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, become damaged. These nerves carry messages between the body and the central nervous system. When they are damaged, the messages do not travel properly, leading to numbness, pain, weakness, and other problems.

Peripheral neuropathy affects around 1 in 100 adults worldwide. The risk rises with age. Diabetes is the most common cause globally and especially in Pakistan, where diabetes rates are very high. The condition can affect one nerve, several nerves, or many nerves at the same time. Early treatment of the underlying cause can prevent further nerve damage.

Peripheral Neuropathy Symptoms

Symptoms depend on which nerves are damaged. Common signs include:

• Numbness in the hands or feet
• Tingling or pins-and-needles feeling
• Burning pain
• Sharp, stabbing pain
• Increased sensitivity to touch
• Pain from light touch like bedsheets
• Muscle weakness
• Loss of balance
• Lack of coordination
• Twitching of muscles
• Cramps
• Reduced reflexes
• Foot drop (trouble lifting the foot)
• Dry skin and slow healing wounds
• Heat intolerance
• Dizziness when standing up
• Changes in blood pressure

Seek a doctor's help immediately if you notice:

• Sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body
• Sudden loss of bladder or bowel control
• Severe burning pain that worsens
• Trouble walking or balance loss
• A non-healing wound on the foot
• Foot infection in a diabetic patient
• Signs of injury you did not feel
• Rapid loss of feeling in the hands or feet

Peripheral Neuropathy Causes

Peripheral neuropathy has more than 100 known causes. Common ones include:

• Diabetes (the most common cause)
• Vitamin deficiencies, especially B12
• Heavy alcohol use
• Kidney disease
• Liver disease
• Underactive thyroid
• Autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus
• Guillain-Barre syndrome
• Infections like shingles, HIV, and Lyme disease
• Cancer and side effects of chemotherapy
• Certain medicines
• Toxins like lead and mercury
• Injury or pressure on a nerve
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Genetic conditions
• Long-term smoking

Peripheral Neuropathy Risk Factors

You may be more likely to develop peripheral neuropathy if you:

• Have diabetes, especially if poorly controlled
• Have vitamin B12 deficiency
• Drink alcohol heavily
• Have kidney or liver disease
• Have an autoimmune disease
• Are receiving chemotherapy
• Have had a major nerve injury
• Have a family history of nerve disorders
• Smoke
• Are over 55 years of age
• Are exposed to toxins or heavy metals
• Have repetitive motion injuries at work

Peripheral Neuropathy Prevention

Many cases of peripheral neuropathy can be prevented or delayed by:

• Keeping blood sugar in control if diabetic
• Eating a balanced diet rich in B vitamins
• Drinking alcohol in moderation
• Quitting smoking
• Exercising regularly
• Treating kidney, liver, or thyroid disease
• Avoiding exposure to toxins
• Using safety gear at work to prevent nerve injury
• Managing autoimmune diseases properly
• Getting regular foot checks if diabetic

Peripheral Neuropathy Types

Doctors classify peripheral neuropathy based on which nerves are involved and how many are affected:

Mononeuropathy

This type affects only one nerve. The most common example is carpal tunnel syndrome, which involves the median nerve in the wrist.

Polyneuropathy

In this form, many nerves are damaged at the same time. It usually starts in the feet and slowly moves up the legs. Diabetes is the most common cause of polyneuropathy.

Sensory Neuropathy

This type mainly affects the nerves that carry sensations. It causes numbness, tingling, burning, or sharp pain.

Motor Neuropathy

This form affects the nerves that control muscle movement. It leads to muscle weakness, cramps, and twitching.

Autonomic Neuropathy

In this type, the nerves that control automatic body functions are damaged. It can cause changes in heart rate, blood pressure, sweating, digestion, and bladder control.

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

This is the most common form in Pakistan. It develops in people with long-standing or poorly controlled diabetes. It usually affects both feet symmetrically.

Peripheral Neuropathy Diagnosis

Doctors use the following methods to diagnose peripheral neuropathy:

• Detailed history of symptoms
• Neurological examination
• Reflex and muscle strength tests
• Blood tests for diabetes, vitamin B12, and thyroid
• Kidney and liver function tests
• Tests for autoimmune diseases
• Nerve conduction study
• Electromyography (EMG)
• Nerve biopsy in selected cases
• Skin biopsy for small fiber neuropathy
• MRI in cases where a nerve is being pressed

Peripheral Neuropathy Treatment

There is no quick fix for peripheral neuropathy. Treatment focuses on managing the cause, reducing pain, and protecting nerves from further damage.

Home Remedies

• Check feet daily for cuts, sores, or blisters
• Wear comfortable, well-fitting shoes
• Maintain good blood sugar control
• Eat a balanced diet with B vitamins
• Avoid alcohol
• Quit smoking
• Exercise gently and regularly
• Massage hands and feet to improve circulation
• Use socks at night if feet feel cold
• Avoid sitting in one position for too long

Medications

(Pain medicines for neuropathy must be prescribed by a doctor.)

• Pain relievers for mild cases
• Anti-seizure medicines used for nerve pain
• Certain antidepressants used for nerve pain
• Topical creams with capsaicin or lidocaine
• Vitamin B12 supplements if deficient
• Medicines for the underlying disease

Medical Treatments

• Tight control of diabetes
• Physical therapy and exercise programs
• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
• Occupational therapy
• Plasma exchange for autoimmune causes
• Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy
• Surgery for nerves that are being pressed (like carpal tunnel)
• Foot care from a podiatrist in diabetic patients

Peripheral Neuropathy Complications

If not treated, peripheral neuropathy can lead to serious problems:

• Burns and injuries from loss of feeling
• Foot ulcers and infections
• Diabetic foot complications
• Amputation in severe cases
• Falls and fractures
• Loss of balance and independence
• Chronic pain
• Depression and anxiety
• Heart rhythm and blood pressure problems
• Sleep difficulties

Get Expert Advice on Marham for Peripheral Neuropathy Treatment

Peripheral neuropathy can be managed well with the right care plan. Marham helps you connect with trusted, verified, and experienced neurologists, endocrinologists, and general physicians who can find the cause and guide your treatment. Book an appointment with the best neurologist through Marham today.

Disclaimer

Marham shares expert-reviewed information to support your health journey. The information on this page is only to guide and inform you. For any personal advice, it’s always best to check with a medical professional.