Smallpox Meaning in Urdu, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

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Smallpox in Urdu

چھوٹی چیچک ایک سنگین متعدی بیماری ہے جو وائرس کی وجہ سے ہوتی ہے۔ یہ بیماری تیز بخار، سر درد، اور جسم پر دانے نکلنے کے بعد چھوٹے چھالوں اور زخموں کی صورت میں ظاہر ہوتی ہے۔ ماضی میں یہ بیماری جان لیوا سمجھی جاتی تھی، لیکن ویکسین کی وجہ سے اب دنیا سے تقریباً ختم ہو چکی ہے۔ اگرچہ آج اس کا خطرہ بہت کم ہے، لیکن اس کے بارے میں جاننا اب بھی ضروری ہے۔

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About Smallpox

Smallpox was a very serious disease caused by a virus called variola. It used to spread quickly from one person to another through coughing, sneezing, or touching someone who was sick. People with smallpox disease had a high fever, felt very weak, and had body pains. After that, red spots appeared on the skin, which turned into blisters filled with fluid and later into scabs. Due to vaccines, smallpox was completely wiped out from the world in 1980. Even though it no longer exists, it is still important to learn about its symptoms and history.

People often mistake it with chickenpox, but the difference between smallpox and chickenpox is clear. Chickenpox is a mild infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Smallpox left permanent scars and could be fatal, unlike chickenpox, which usually heals without serious complications.

Smallpox Symptoms

Symptoms of smallpox usually appeared 10–14 days after infection. Watch for the following signs:

• High fever
• Headache
• Backache and body pain
• Fatigue and weakness
• Vomiting
• Rash starting on the face and spreading to arms, legs, and body
• Raised spots that turn into blisters and later scabs

Seek immediate medical attention if you notice:

• Sudden high fever with rash
• Severe dehydration
• Breathing difficulties
• Rapid spread of rash or blisters

Smallpox Causes

Smallpox virus was variola, which spread easily from one person to another. The main causes of transmission included:

• Direct contact with an infected person
• Inhalation of airborne droplets from coughs or sneezes
• Contact with contaminated bedding or clothing
• Exposure to scabs or fluid from blisters

Small Pox Risk Factors

While smallpox has been eradicated, historically, the following factors increased the risk of infection:

• Close contact with an infected person
• Living in crowded areas with poor sanitation
• Lack of vaccination
• Weakened immune system
• Travel to areas with outbreaks 

Smallpox Prevention

The eradication of smallpox was achieved through widespread vaccination. Preventive measures included:

• Smallpox vaccination programs
• Quarantine and isolation of infected individuals
• Strict hygiene and disinfection practices
• Monitoring and rapid response to outbreaks

Even though smallpox has been eradicated, vaccine stockpiles still exist for emergency preparedness.

Small Pox Types

Historically, smallpox had different forms with varying severity:

Variola Major:

This was the most severe form. It caused widespread rash, blisters, and a high death rate.

Variola Minor:

It was a less severe form with milder symptoms and lower death rates.

Hemorrhagic Smallpox:

This was a rare but very severe form, with internal bleeding and high fatality.

Malignant (Flat) Smallpox:

This was another rare form where the rash remained flat and spread quickly, often leading to death.

Small Pox Diagnosis

Doctors diagnosed smallpox based on symptoms and medical history. The key diagnostic methods included:

• Physical examination of rash and blisters
• Patient history of exposure to infected individuals
• Laboratory tests (polymerase chain reaction for variola virus DNA)
• Electron microscopy of viral particles
• Serological testing for antibodies

Smallpox Treatment

There was no direct cure for smallpox, but treatment focused on managing symptoms and preventing complications.

Supportive Care:

• Isolation of infected patients to prevent spread
• Hydration and fluid balance
• Nutritional support
• Pain relievers and fever management

Medical Approaches:

• Antiviral medications
• Antibiotics for secondary bacterial infections
• Vaccination of close contacts to prevent spread

Small Pox Complications

If untreated, smallpox could lead to:

• Severe scarring of the skin
• Blindness due to eye infections
• Joint deformities
• Pneumonia
• Encephalitis (brain inflammation)
• Death in severe cases

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Disclaimer

Marham shares expert-reviewed information to support your health journey. The information on this page is only to guide and inform you. For any personal advice, it's always best to check with a medical professional.