Faqs about Diabetes

Q: Causes of Diabetes

Cause of Type 1 Diabetes: Type 1 diabetes is caused by an autoimmune disorder. The immune system starts producing antibodies against the pancreas beta cells and destroys it. Cause of Type 2 Diabetes: Type 2 diabetes is caused by an inability of the body to use insulin efficiently. The amount of sugar in the blood is controlled by a hormone called insulin, which is produced by the pancreas (the gland behind the stomach). When the food is digested and enters the bloodstream, insulin releases glucose from the blood and introduces it into the cells, where it is broken down to produce energy. However, if you have diabetes, your body can not turn glucose into energy. In fact, either there is not enough insulin to transmit glucose, or the insulin that is produced does not function properly. Although you can not change your lifestyle to reduce the risk of Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity.

Question 1

Summary about Diabetes in Urdu

Accepted Answer

انسانی جسم خون میں موجود شکر سے توانائی بناتا ہے۔ ذیابیطس ایک ایسا مرض ہے جس میں جسم شکر کو استعمال نہیں کر پاتا اور اس باعث خون میں شکر کی سطح بڑھ جاتی ہے جو کہ جسم کے دیگر اعضا کو نقصان پہنچاتی ہے۔ ذیابیطس کی وجہ سے دیگر کئی امراض لاحق ہو سکتی ہیں جن میں نابینا پن، دل کی بیماریاں، گردوں کے مسائل اور دیگر کئی عوارض شامل ہیں۔ یہ مرض دنیا بھر میں تیزی سے پھیل رہا ہے۔ ایک اندازے کے مطابق دنیا بھر میں بتالیس کروڑ سے زائد افراد اس مرض میں مبتلا ہیں۔

Question 2

Summary about Diabetes in English

Accepted Answer

Diabetes affects many people due to various reasons. If you or any person in your family has diabetes, seek medical assistance from a diabetologist immediately to avoid complications. Fortunately, Marham has a complete panel of qualified doctors for diabetes in Pakistan. If you want to consult diabetologists of Pakistan, you can book an appointment online through Marham.

What is Diabetes?

The chronic disease diabetes affects the way the body absorbs sugar and can lead to high blood sugar levels if left untreated. It is of two types categorized according to your body's insulin production. You can get Diabetes due to family history, obesity, or low physical activity. If you are experiencing any signs of diabetes, you should consult a doctor immediately.

What are the symptoms of Diabetes?

You need to see a doctor for Diabetes in Pakistan if you have any of the following symptoms:

Increased urination at night
Feeling thirsty often
Losing weight suddenly
Extreme hunger
Blurry vision
Tingling or numbness in feet or hands
Fatigue
Increased infections

What are the causes of Diabetes?

Some of the causes of Diabetes include:

Family history
Childhood or older age
Having high blood glucose levels
overweight or obesity
Low physical activity
Having Diabetes during pregnancy
ذیابیطس کی کچھ وجوہات میں شامل ہیں
خاندانی تاریخ
بچپن یا بڑھاپا
خون میں گلوکوز کی سطح زیادہ ہونا
زیادہ وزن یا موٹاپا
کم جسمانی سرگرمی
حمل کے دوران ذیابیطس کا ہونا

What are the types of Diabetes?

There are mainly three types of Diabetes:

Diabetes Type 1: It is a genetic disorder and shows symptoms early in childhood or teenage years. The body doesn't produce any insulin in this type.
Diabetes Type 2: Type 2 diabetes is not inherited but develops over time, mainly after 45 due to an unhealthy diet or low physical activity.
Gestational Diabetes: It is elevated blood glucose that develops during pregnancy and normally goes away after the baby is born. It can occur at any time of pregnancy, although it is most frequent during the second or third trimester.

How is Diabetes diagnosed?

Your doctor might ask you to get the following tests done to check if you have diabetes:

Fasting glucose level: A fasting glucose test measures your blood sugar levels in the morning before you eat. A reading of 126 mg/dL or greater may indicate diabetes.
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): consists of consuming a glucose-containing beverage and having your blood glucose levels measured every 30 to 60 minutes for up to 3 hours. If your blood glucose level is 200 mg/dL or greater after 2 hours, you may have diabetes.
A1c test: It is a basic blood test that determines your typical blood sugar levels over the last 2-3 months. A1c levels of 6.5 percent or above may indicate diabetes.

What are the treatment options for Diabetes?

There are any treatment options available to manage diabetes. Some of these are:

Insulin pumps or injections

How can you find treatment for Diabetes?

Finding treatment for Diabetes is essential as it can lead to many other complications if left untreated. Marham has listed the Top Doctors for Diabetes in Pakistan to get the best treatment.

Question 3

Symptoms of Diabetes

Accepted Answer

There are two types of diabetes. Some sign and symptoms of both types include:

Frequent urination
Feeling very thirsty
Blurry vision
Cuts or sores that do not heal properly
Excessive hunger
Recurrent infections
Presence of ketones in the urine

But in diabetes, type 1 people experience irritability and weight loss. In diabetes-type2 people feel numbness and tingling in their hands.

Question 4

Causes of Diabetes

Accepted Answer

Cause of Type 1 Diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes is caused by an autoimmune disorder. The immune system starts producing antibodies against the pancreas beta cells and destroys it.

Cause of Type 2 Diabetes:

Type 2 diabetes is caused by an inability of the body to use insulin efficiently. The amount of sugar in the blood is controlled by a hormone called insulin, which is produced by the pancreas (the gland behind the stomach). When the food is digested and enters the bloodstream, insulin releases glucose from the blood and introduces it into the cells, where it is broken down to produce energy. However, if you have diabetes, your body can not turn glucose into energy. In fact, either there is not enough insulin to transmit glucose, or the insulin that is produced does not function properly. Although you can not change your lifestyle to reduce the risk of Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity.

Question 5

Risk Factors of Diabetes

Accepted Answer

There are many risk factors for diabetes. There are chances of diabetes type 1 in people whom parents and sibling having diabetes. Type 1 diabetes can appear at any age but commonly its signs appear at childhood or adolescence. Genetics is considered a major contributor to the cause of diabetes type 1 diabetes.

There is no treatment of diabetes type 1. In type 1 insulin injected into the body regularly. People regularly inject insulin into the body. Some people use insulin pumps. Insulin pumps supply little amount of insulin in the body through small tubes.

Diabetes type 2 can be controlled through diet or exercise. People having diabetes needs extra support for controlling diabetes. According to the American diabetic association, depression is one of the risk factors of diabetes. Other risk factors include:

Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity
Unhealthy eating habits
Alcoholism
Genetics

Question 6

Preventive Measures of Diabetes

Accepted Answer

Diet and exercise are used as treatment and prevention of diabetes type 2. According to the medical news today if a doctor diagnoses a person with type 2 diabetes, he or she will often recommend a lifestyle change to promote weight loss and overall health. The doctor may refer to diabetics or pre-diabetics to a dietician. A specialist can help a person with diabetes to lead an active and balanced lifestyle and control their condition.

The steps a person can take to adopt a lifestyle with diabetes include:

Eat a diet rich in fresh, nutritious foods, including whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, low-fat dairy products, and healthy sources of fat, such as nuts.
Avoid high-sugar foods that provide empty calories or other nutritional values, such as carbonated drinks, deep-fried foods, and high-sugar desserts.
Do not drink too much alcohol or drink less than one drink a day for women or two drinks a day for men.
Perform at least 30 minutes of exercise for at least 5 minutes a week, e.g. B. Hiking, aerobics, cycling or swimming.
People can also take steps to reduce the body mass index (BMI), which can help some people with type 2 diabetes to cope with a disease without medication.
The slow and consistent goals of losing weight are more likely to help a person achieve long-term benefits.

Question 7

Types of Diabetes

Accepted Answer

Diabetes has two types:

1- Type 1

2- Type 2.

In diabetes type 1 individuals unable to produce insulin and in diabetes type 2 individual body produces insulin but their body unable to respond to the insulin. But in both these types, the level of sugar in the blood is high. This high sugar level produces complications in the body.

Question 8

How can I book appointment with specialist of Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

You can book your appointment with a specialist of Diabetes by calling at 042-34500888.

Question 9

Are there any additional charges when you book an appointment through marham.pk?

Accepted Answer

No, there are no extra charges to book an appointment through marham.pk.

Question 10

Pregnancy mein paani ki kitni miqdar zyada hoti hai?

Accepted Answer

AFI (Amniotic Fluid Index) 22 cm se zyada, ya ultrasound pe aik single pocket 8 cm se zyada ho to isko polyhydramnios kehte hain - yaani extra paani. Iske do bare wajuhat: maa ka diabetes aur bachay ki koi anomaly.

Question 11

Gestational diabetes ka test kab karwana chahiye?

Accepted Answer

Zyada tar centres 22 se 24 weeks ke beech Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) ki advice dete hain. Agar scan pe paani zyada nazar aaye aur 20-week anomaly scan clear ho to OGTT priority test hai.

Question 12

Kya bacha pregnancy mein baad mein position badal sakta hai?

Accepted Answer

Ji haan - 24 weeks pe bachay ke paas kafi jagah hoti hai move karne ki, aur zyada tar bachay 32-36 weeks tak head-down position mein aa jate hain. Rozana walk, balanced diet, kam namak aur sugar, aur stress se bachna madad karta hai.

Question 13

Pregnancy ke doran antenatal check-ups kitni baar honi chahiyen?

Accepted Answer

Agar koi medical issue, medicine, ya high-risk history na ho to standard antenatal visits follow karein. Ahem scans: dating scan 6-7 weeks, nuchal translucency 13 weeks, anomaly scan 20 weeks, aur 27 weeks ke baad baar baar visits.

Question 14

Pregnancy mein kon se scans zaroori hain?

Accepted Answer

Teen scans routine hain: first-trimester dating scan (6-7 weeks), nuchal translucency scan (13 weeks) sath kabhi double marker test, aur detailed anomaly scan 20 weeks pe. High-risk patients ko additional scans chahiyen.

Question 15

Pregnancy mein extra scans kab zaroori hote hain?

Accepted Answer

Extra visits aur scans tab zaroori jab diabetes, hypertension, ya congenital anomalies ki history ya risk ho. Diabetic patients ko 16 ya 24 weeks ke aas paas OGTT/OGCT aur baar baar fetal growth scans chahiyen.

Question 16

Pregnancy ke doran sugar ki kon si levels safe hain?

Accepted Answer

Agar diabetes pregnancy mein shuru hui: fasting 90-95 mg/dl se kam, khana ke 2 ghante baad 120 mg/dl se kam. Agar diabetes pehle thi: fasting 60-99 mg/dl, post-meal 100-129 mg/dl. Inn ranges ke lower end pe rakhein.

Question 17

Pregnancy mein HbA1c kyun important hai?

Accepted Answer

HbA1c pichle 8-10 weeks ki average sugar dikhata hai. Conception ke waqt 6.1 se kam (ideal 5 ke aas paas) hona chahiye taake miscarriage aur birth defects ka risk kam ho. Early pregnancy mein har maheene check karein.

Question 18

Oral diabetes medicine ki jagah insulin kab zaroori hoti hai?

Accepted Answer

Significant diabetes wali zyada tar pregnancies mein, jaise pregnancy aage barhti hai, oral medicines se hata kar insulin pe shift kiya jata hai. Din mein 6 baar sakht glucose monitoring chahiye, aur third trimester se fetal movements pe ghor se nazar.

Question 19

Mein Glucophage le rahi hoon lekin diabetes control nahi - pregnancy ke liye kya karoon?

Accepted Answer

Pregnancy try karne se pehle diabetic specialist ke sath HbA1c aur fasting sugar normal karein. Conception ke waqt uncontrolled sugar miscarriage, congenital defects, bara bacha aur stillbirth ka risk barhati hai.

Question 20

PCOS ke sath pregnancy try karne se pehle kon se tests zaroori hain?

Accepted Answer

Period ke doosre din testosterone, prolactin, insulin, FSH, LH, progesterone aur thyroid (TFT) sath transvaginal scan karwayen. Agar cycles irregular to day 21 progesterone bhi karwayen.

Question 21

PCOS mein conception ke liye lifestyle ke kon se steps madad karte hain?

Accepted Answer

Rozana exercise se normal BMI, balanced diet (kam namak, tel, masala), khoob paani, aur rozana 5 mg folic acid shuru karein. Husband ko bhi smoking chorni aur general health achi honi chahiye.

Question 22

Kya doodh aur gosht chorna diabetes control ke liye acha hai?

Accepted Answer

Kuch sugar aur processed food kam karna madad deta hai, lekin bilkul doodh aur gosht chor dena calcium aur protein ki kami kar sakta hai, khaas tor par diabetes mein. Uncontrolled diabetes sath low calcium muscle pain, jorhon ka dard aur nerve damage karta hai.

Question 23

Diabetic-friendly din ka meal plan kaisa hota hai?

Accepted Answer

Nashta: 1 slice whole-wheat bread + 1/2 cup high-fiber cereal low-fat milk + 1 fruit + coffee. Lunch: roast chicken sandwich wheat bread pe sabziyon ke sath + apple + paani. Dinner: balanced plate sabzi, dal/chicken, brown rice/roti.

Question 24

Diabetic patients ko kon se fruits avoid karne chahiyen?

Accepted Answer

Aam, ananas, malta, cherries aur dry fruits mein carb zyada aur blood sugar jaldi barhate hain. Berries, apple, naashpati aur amrood limit mein safer hain. Hamesha doctor se check karein - portion size matter karta hai.

Question 25

Diabetic mareez ko qabz kyun hoti hai?

Accepted Answer

Lambe arsay ki diabetes pait ki autonomic nerves ko damage karti hai, jis se maida aur intestines dheere chalte hain. Khana ziyada dair rehta hai, paani ziyada absorb hota hai, aur stool sookha aur sakht ho jata - diabetic gastroparesis ya autonomic neuropathy.

Question 26

Diabetic qabz mein kya medicines madad karti hain?

Accepted Answer

Aam options Tab Esso 20 mg nashtay se pehle, Tab Itofix 50 mg har main meal se pehle, aur Syp Duphalac ya Lilac 2-3 teaspoons din mein teen baar. Agar kaam na karein to Tab Bisacodyl 2 raat ko paani sath add ki ja sakti hai.

Question 27

Meri walida intestines ko regular motions ke liye dobara kaise train karein?

Accepted Answer

Daily routine: subah uthte hi 1-2 glass garam paani, 30 minute intezaar, phir 10 minute toilet pe baithein bina zor lagaye taake circadian rhythm set ho. Har khane ke baad 15 minute walk gut motility barhata hai.

Question 28

Kya dental implants diabetic aur cardiac patients ke liye mehfooz hain?

Accepted Answer

Implants mumkin lekin diabetic aur cardiac patients mein khaas care chahiye. Uncontrolled blood sugar implant failure ka sabab, aur sub-periosteal implant ke liye general anaesthesia chahiye - jo arrhythmia wale kuch cardiac patients ke liye mehfooz nahi.

Question 29

Buzurg heart patient ke liye full implants ka alternative kya hai?

Accepted Answer

Agar kuch dant maujood hon to partial denture (Prosthodontic treatment) simple option hai. Niche jabray mein bilkul dant na hon aur bone reduce ho to local anaesthesia ke sath multiple single implants partial denture support kar sakte hain - bina general anaesthesia.

Question 30

Diabetic patients ko dental surgery se pehle kya karna chahiye?

Accepted Answer

Pehle blood sugar properly control karwayen - uncontrolled diabetes hi dant gum honay ki main wajah. Lifestyle aur behavioural changes aur regular warzish add karein, aur dentist sab se kam invasive procedure choose karega.

Question 31

Meri diabetic walida ko baar baar loose motions kyun lagte hain?

Accepted Answer

Lambay arsay ki diabetes pet ki nerves ko nuksaan pohncha sakti hai - diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Doosri aam wajuhat hyperthyroidism, metformin, aur baar baar pet ke infections hain.

Question 32

Baar baar loose motions ki wajah maloom karne ke liye konse tests karwane chahiyen?

Accepted Answer

Doctor se stool R/E aur culture, CBC, thyroid profile (TSH, FT4), HbA1c, aur electrolytes ke tests karwane ko kahein. Sath hi dawaiyon ka jaiza - khaas tor par metformin aur antibiotics - jo khud bhi aksar dast ka sabab bante hain.

Question 33

Baar baar loose motions ke dauran konsi khurak mehfooz hai?

Accepted Answer

Naram khurak khayen - khichdi, dahi, kela - chotay chotay aur baar baar, tail aur masaledar khane se parhez, aur ORS se hydration barqarar. Agar stool report par infection nahi to probiotics faida de sakte hain.

Question 34

Mera 22 mahine ka bacha achanak bohat zyada urinate kyun kar raha hai?

Accepted Answer

Achanak bar bar urination sath diaper rashes UTI, zyada fluid intake, ya kabhi childhood diabetes ki early nishani bata sakte hain. Rashes aur 8+ ghanton mein unusual amounts ke sath, pediatrician se jald milna behtar.

Question 35

Bar bar urination wale toddler ke liye kya investigations ki jati hain?

Accepted Answer

UTI check karne ke liye urine routine aur culture, plus diabetes rule out ke liye blood sugar aur HbA1c. Pediatrician diaper area ko dermatitis, yeast, ya bacterial infection ke liye check karein gay.

Question 36

Ghar par shadeed diaper rash ka ilaaj kaise karoon?

Accepted Answer

Jagah saaf aur khushak rakhein - diapers zyada change, wipes ki bajaye plain paani aur narm kapra, motri zinc-oxide barrier cream lagayen, aur diaper changes ke beech skin ko 10-15 minute hawa mein khushak hone dein. 2-3 din mein behtar na hon to doctor.

Diabetes Meaning in Urdu - Symptoms, Causes, and Prevention