گلوکوما آنکھ کی ایک بیماری ہے جس میں آنکھ کے اندر دباؤ بڑھ جاتا ہے، جو بینائی کو متاثر کر سکتا ہے۔ اگر اس کا بروقت علاج نہ کیا جائے تو یہ مستقل اندھے پن کا سبب بن سکتی ہے۔ گلوکوما آہستہ آہستہ بینائی کو نقصان پہنچاتی ہے اور زیادہ تر لوگوں کو ابتدا میں اس کی علامات کا پتہ نہیں چلتا، اسی لیے اسے "خاموش چور" بھی کہا جاتا ہے۔
Eye Surgeon, Eye Specialist
MBBS, FCPS (Ophthalmology), DOMS (Ophthalmic Medicine & Surgery), Fellowship in Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus
Eye Surgeon, Eye Specialist
MBBS, MCPS, FCPS (Ophth), FCPS (Vitreo-Retinal Surgery)
Eye Surgeon, Eye Specialist
MBBS, FCPS (Ophthalmology), FCPS (Vitreo Retina)
Glaucoma meaning in Urdu is “آنکھوں کے دباؤ کی وجہ سے بینائی کا کم ہونا”. It is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve due to increased pressure inside the eye. The optic nerve is essential for clear vision. Any damage to it can result in vision loss or even permanent blindness if not treated.
Glaucoma develops slowly without noticeable symptoms in the beginning. Many people don’t realize they have it until significant vision is already lost. It can affect one or both eyes and is more common in older adults, but anyone can develop it.
Regular eye exams are the best way to detect it early. While there is no cure, early treatment can help stop further vision loss.
In many cases, glaucoma shows no early warning signs. Symptoms usually appear when vision loss has already begun. Watch for the following signs:
Blurred vision
Eye pain or pressure
Seeing halos around lights
Headaches
Redness in the eyes
Nausea
Vomiting
Loss of side vision
Sudden vision loss
Contact a doctor immediately if you notice:
Sudden eye pain
Severe headache with blurry vision
Rapid vision changes
Seeing colored rings
Nausea with eye discomfort
Glaucoma occurs when fluid builds up in the eye. This increases pressure and damages the optic nerve. Common causes include:
Blocked drainage channels in the eye
Overproduction of eye fluid
Injury to the eye
Severe eye infection
Certain medications
Family history of glaucoma
Diabetes
High blood pressure
You are more likely to develop glaucoma if you have:
A family history of glaucoma
Age above 40
Extreme nearsightedness or farsightedness
History of eye injury or surgery
Long-term steroid use
Thin corneas
African, Asian, or Hispanic ethnicity
You can reduce the risk or delay glaucoma by:
Getting regular comprehensive eye exams
Knowing your family’s eye health history
Controlling blood pressure and blood sugar
Protecting your eyes from injury
Avoiding long-term use of steroid medications
Maintaining a healthy diet and active lifestyle
It is the most common type. It progresses slowly and painlessly without symptoms until vision is affected.
This type develops suddenly with a rapid increase in eye pressure. It is a medical emergency and needs immediate treatment.
This condition occurs even when eye pressure is within the normal range, but the optic nerve is damaged.
This is a rare form present at birth due to improper eye development. It may cause cloudy eyes, excessive tearing, and light sensitivity.
It is caused by an underlying condition such as diabetes, trauma, or inflammation. This leads to increased eye pressure.
Doctors use several tests to detect glaucoma and assess optic nerve health:
Tonometry to measure eye pressure
Ophthalmoscopy to examine the optic nerve
Visual field test to check side vision
Gonioscopy to inspect the drainage angle
Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Pachymetry to measure corneal thickness
Dilated eye exam for overall assessment
Eye drops
Oral medications
Laser therapy
Surgery
Regular eye check-ups
Monitoring eye pressure
Managing diabetes or other underlying conditions
Using prescribed medications consistently
Vision aids if partial vision loss occurs
If not managed properly, glaucoma may lead to:
Permanent vision loss
Complete blindness
Reduced quality of life
Difficulty with daily activities
Depression due to loss of independence
Increased risk of falling or accidents
Emotional stress
Anxiety
Marham enables you to communicate with experienced healthcare professionals to obtain professional guidance. Through Marham, you can find the best specialist for glaucoma who provides expert treatment advice.
The Marham platform strives to offer expert-reviewed information, including error elimination, to all its consumers. Patients should always consult experts for medical advice instead of relying on this information. The information available on this page is for general information purposes.