الزائمر یعنی بھولنے کی بیماری ایک لا علاج بیماری ہے لیکن اس سے بچنا ممکن ہے۔ الزائمر ایک دماغی مرض ہے جو کہ ساٹھ سال سے زیادہ عمر کے افراد کو متاثر کرتا ہے۔ یہ مرض کم عمر افراد کو بھی متاثر کر سکتا ہے۔اس بیماری کی وجہ خون میں شکر کی کمی کو گردانا جاتا ہے جس کی وجہ سے دماغ کو ملنے والی گلوکوس کی کم مقداراور الزائمر پروٹین اس مرض کو متحرک کرنے کا باعث بنتے ہیں اور نتیجے کے طور پر دماغی سرگرمی کم ہو جاتی ہے ۔
اس مرض کی علامات میں جانی پہچانی چیزوں اور مقامات کو بھولنا شامل ہے۔ مریض روزمرہ کی گفتگو کے لیے مناسب الفاظ بھولنے لگتا ہے۔ معمول کی سرگرمیوں کے لیے پہلے سے زیادہ کوشش اور وقت کی ضرورت پڑنے لگتی ہے۔ خاندان کے افراد اور ملنے جلنے والوں کو پہچاننے میں ناکامی اس مرض کی علامات میں شامل ہیں۔ الزائمر کے مریضوں کو روزمرہ کے کاموں کے لیے بھی مدد کی ضرورت پڑتی ہے اور یہ بیماری وقت اور عمر کے ساتھ سنگین ہوتی چلی جاتی ہے۔
اس سلسلے مین مایوس کن بات یہ ہے کہ اس کا علاج ابھی تک دریافت نہیں ہو سکا۔
الزائمر سے چبنے کے لیے درج ذیل اقدامات اہم ہیں:
صحت مند طرز زندگی۔
ذیابیطس اور بلڈ پریشر کی صورتحال سے بچائو اور ان بیماریوں کی صورت میں باقاعدہ علاج۔
روزانہ ورزش اور صحت بخش خوراک۔
سماجی طور پر متحرک رہنا، نئی چیزیں سیکھنا اور دماغی سرگرمیاں جاری رکھنا اس مرض سے بچائو میں اہم ہیں۔
Neurologist
MBBS, MCPS (Medicine), MD Neurology, Masters In Adult Neurology, Masters In Child Neurology, Diploma In Tropical Medicine
Neuro Psychiatrist, Psychiatrist, Neurologist
MBBS , FCPS (psychiatry) , MCPS(Neurology) , IFAPA (USA) , Member Royal College of Psychiatrist (London)
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disease that causes the degeneration and death of brain cells. Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia. A continual decline in thinking, behavior and social skills that interfere with a person's ability to work autonomously. The first signs of illness may be forgetting recent events or conversations. As the disease progresses, a person with Alzheimer's disease develops a severe deterioration in memory and loses the ability to perform daily tasks.
Current medications used to treat Alzheimer's disease may temporarily improve the symptoms or decrease their incidence. These treatments can sometimes help people with Alzheimer's disease to optimize their functions and maintain their independence for a while. Various programs and services can help people with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers. No treatment can cure Alzheimer's disease or alter the course of the disease in the brain. In advanced stages of the disease, complications due to severe brain dysfunction such as dehydration, malnutrition, or infection result in death
However, this often begins with forgetting the memory and the difficulty of finding the right words for everyday objects. Other symptoms can be:
Persistent and frequent memory difficulties, especially recent events.
Blurred in the daily conversation
The apparent loss of enthusiasm for already popular activities.
Take more time for routine tasks.
Forget known people or places.
Inability to handle questions and instructions
Impairment of social skills.
Emotional unpredictability
The symptoms vary and the disease develops at different rates depending on the individuals and regions of the brain affected. A person's abilities can fluctuate from day to day, even during a day, and they can worsen in times of stress, fatigue, or poor health.
Scientists believe that for most people, Alzheimer's disease is due to a combination of genetic factors, lifestyle and environmental factors that affect the brain over time. In less than one percent of cases, genetic changes caused Alzheimer's disease. These rare cases usually cause the disease to appear at an average age.
The exact causes of Alzheimer's disease are not completely known. But there are essentially problems with brain proteins that do not work properly. It disrupting the work of brain cells (neurons) and causing a series of toxic events. Neurons are damaged, lose the connection and eventually die.
The damage usually begins in the region of the brain that controls the memory, but the process begins years before the first symptoms. The loss of neurons spreads quite predictably to other areas of the brain. In the advanced stage of the disease, the brain has been significantly reduced.
Researchers focus on the role of two proteins:
Plates.
When these fragments are assembled, they appear to have a toxic effect on neurons and interfere with cell-to-cell communication. These groups form larger deposits called amyloid plaques, which include other cellular debris.
Complications.
Tau proteins play a role in the internal support and transport system of a neuron to transport nutrients and other important materials. In Alzheimer's disease, tau proteins are modified and organized into structures called neurofibrillary tangles. Entanglements interrupt the transport system and are toxic to the cells.
The unavoidable risk factors for the development of the disease include:
Aging
A family history of Alzheimer's
Carry certain genes
Alzheimer's disease is not an avoidable disease. However, in Alzheimer's disease, various lifestyle-related risk factors can modify. There is evidence, changes in diet, exercise, and habits reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. It may also reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's and other conditions that cause dementia. Healthy Lifestyle Decisions that can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease include:
Regular exercise
Eat fresh products, healthy oils, and foods that contain low saturated fats.
Follow the treatment guidelines to control high blood pressure, diabetes and high cholesterol.
If you smoke, ask your doctor if you want to quit smoking.
Studies have shown that participation in social events, reading, dancing, practice with instruments and other activities that require mental and social commitment are all linked to social skills. The thought has been preserved later in life and the risk of Alzheimer's disease is lower.