Tetanus Meaning in Urdu, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

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Tetanus Meaning in Urdu

ٹیٹنس ایک سنگین بیماری ہے جو ایک بیکٹیریا کی وجہ سے ہوتی ہے جو زخم یا کٹ کے ذریعے جسم میں داخل ہوتا ہے۔ یہ بیکٹیریا اعصاب کو متاثر کرتا ہے اور پٹھوں میں سختی اور کھچاؤ پیدا کرتا ہے، خاص طور پر جبڑوں میں۔ اگر بروقت علاج نہ کیا جائے تو یہ جان لیوا ثابت ہو سکتا ہے۔

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About Tetanus

Tetanus meaning in Urdu is “اعصاب کی بیماری جس میں پٹھوں میں اکڑاؤ آتا ہے”. It is a serious bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani. The bacteria usually enter the body through cuts, wounds, or puncture injuries. Once inside, they release toxins that affect the nervous system, leading to painful muscle stiffness and spasms. The most common symptom is lockjaw (difficulty opening the mouth).

Tetanus can affect people of all ages, but it is most dangerous for newborns, older adults, and individuals who are not vaccinated. Without timely treatment, tetanus can be life-threatening. Vaccination is the best way to prevent this disease. 

If you show symptoms of tetanus, consult a General Physician instantly through Marham and get expert guidance right away. Book an online appointment today!

Tetanus Symptoms

Tetanus symptoms usually appear within 3–21 days after infection. Watch for these signs:

• Stiffness in the jaw (lockjaw)
• Painful muscle spasms
• Difficulty swallowing
• Stiffness in neck and abdomen
• Fever and sweating
• Rapid heartbeat
• Headache
• Irritability

Seek medical help immediately if you notice:

• Breathing difficulties
• Seizures
• Trouble opening the mouth

Tetanus Causes

Tetanus occurs when Clostridium tetani bacteria enter the body and release toxins. Causes include:

• Deep cuts or puncture wounds
• Injuries contaminated with soil, dust, or manure
• Burns or crush injuries
• Infected surgical wounds
• Animal bites
• Use of non-sterile needles
• Inadequate wound care
• Umbilical cord infection in newborns due to unclean delivery practices

Tetanus Risk Factors

Factors that increase the risk of tetanus include:

• Not being vaccinated or incomplete vaccination
• Living in areas with poor medical facilities
• Having deep or contaminated wounds
• Newborns delivered without sterile practices
• Diabetes or weak immune system
• Use of unsterilized equipment for injections or piercings
• Old age (weaker immunity)

Tetanus Prevention

Tetanus is prevented through vaccination. The tetanus vaccine is usually given together with vaccines for diphtheria and pertussis (whooping cough). This combination is called:

• DTaP for children under 7 years old
• Tdap for older children, teens, and adults

This vaccine protects you from all three diseases:

• Tetanus (caused by bacteria from cuts or wounds)
• Diphtheria (a serious throat infection)
• Pertussis (whooping cough that makes it hard to breathe)

The Tdap vaccine was first approved in 2005 for teens and adults under 65. Doctors recommend getting a booster shot every 10 years to stay protected from tetanus and diphtheria. The booster can be Td (tetanus and diphtheria) or Tdap.

It’s very important to be up to date on your tetanus shots, especially if you are traveling to countries where the risk is higher due to poor sanitation or more injuries. If it has been more than 10 years since your last shot, you should get a booster. Moreover, if someone missed their tetanus shots as a child, they can still get the vaccine series at any age.

When to get a tetanus shot after a cut? 

If you get a deep or dirty cut and your last tetanus shot was more than 5 years ago (or you don't remember), get a tetanus shot within 2 days (48 hours).

Tetanus Types

Tetanus can be classified into different types based on its presentation:

• Generalized Tetanus: This is the most common type which affects the entire body with muscle stiffness and spasms.
• Localized Tetanus: In this type, muscle stiffness is limited to the area near the wound.
• Cephalic Tetanus: It is rare and affects the head and neck, often following ear or head injuries.
• Neonatal Tetanus: This type of tetanus affects newborns, usually due to unsterile delivery conditions or improper umbilical cord care.

Tetanus Diagnosis

Doctors may diagnose tetanus based on medical history, symptoms, and wound details. Tests may include:

• Physical examination of muscle stiffness
• Review of vaccination history
• Blood tests to rule out other conditions
• Wound culture (though bacteria are difficult to isolate)
• Monitoring neurological responses

Tetanus Treatment

Tetanus treatment focuses on controlling symptoms and removing the infection:

Medical Management:

• Immediate wound cleaning and care
• Antibiotics to kill bacteria
• Tetanus immune globulin (TIG) injection to neutralize toxins
• Muscle relaxants to control spasms
• Pain relievers

Supportive Care:

• Assisted breathing in severe cases
• Intravenous fluids and nutrition
• Sedatives to reduce spasms
• Quiet environment to avoid triggering muscle contractions

Surgical Procedures:

• Wound debridement (removal of dead tissue)
• Tracheostomy if breathing problems occur

Tetanus Complications

If not treated in time, tetanus may lead to serious complications:

• Severe breathing problems
• Bone fractures due to strong muscle spasms
• Pneumonia
• Pulmonary embolism
• Brain damage due to lack of oxygen
• Long-term muscle stiffness
• Death in severe cases

Get Expert Advice on Marham for Tetanus Treatment

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Disclaimer

Marham shares expert-reviewed information to support your health journey. The information on this page is only to guide and inform you. For any personal advice, it's always best to check with a medical professional.