Hepatitis Meaning in Urdu, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

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Hepatitis Meaning in Urdu

ہیپاٹائٹس ایک ایسی بیماری ہے جس میں جگر میں سوزش ہو جاتی ہے۔ یہ بیماری مختلف وجوہات کی وجہ سے ہو سکتی ہے، جیسے وائرل انفیکشن، شراب نوشی، یا ادویات کے مضر اثرات۔ ہیپاٹائٹس کی کئی اقسام ہیں اور ہر قسم جگر کو نقصان پہنچا سکتی ہے۔ اگر بروقت علاج نہ کیا جائے تو یہ بیماری جگر کے مستقل نقصان یا حتیٰ کہ جگر فیل ہونے کا باعث بھی بن سکتی ہے۔

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About Hepatitis

Hepatitis meaning in Urdu is “جگر کی سوزش”. It is the swelling or inflammation of the liver, caused by viral infections. The liver is a vital organ that filters toxins, produces bile, and helps digest food. When it gets inflamed, its function is disturbed.

There are several types of hepatitis, the most common being Hepatitis A, B, and C. Each type spreads differently through contaminated food, water, blood, or body fluids. Some forms of hepatitis are temporary and curable, while others can become chronic and damage the liver over time. If left untreated, it can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, or even liver cancer. With early diagnosis and proper treatment, hepatitis can be managed or even prevented.

Hepatitis Symptoms

Symptoms of hepatitis can vary based on the type and stage of the disease. Common signs include:

• Yellowing of skin and eyes
• Dark-colored urine
• Pale stools
• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea 
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain, especially on the right side
• Low-grade fever
• Muscle or joint pain
• Itchy skin

Seek medical care immediately if you notice:

• Severe jaundice
• Constant abdominal pain
• Vomiting blood
• Drowsiness
• Swelling in legs or abdomen

Hepatitis Causes

Hepatitis can be caused by different factors, including:

• Viral infections (Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E)
• Excessive alcohol use
• Certain medications and toxic drugs
• Autoimmune disorders
• Fatty liver disease
• Contaminated food or water
• Unprotected sex with an infected person
• Sharing needles or syringes
• Blood transfusions with infected blood 
• Poor hygiene and sanitation

Hepatitis Risk Factors

You may have a higher risk of hepatitis if you:

• Consume contaminated food or water
• Share needles, razors, or toothbrushes
• Have unprotected sex with multiple partners
• Are born to a mother with Hepatitis B or C
• Work in healthcare settings
• Receive dialysis for kidney disease
• Travel to areas with poor sanitation
• Drink alcohol excessively
• Take  high-dose medications
• Have other chronic liver conditions

Hepatitis Prevention

You can reduce your risk of hepatitis by:

• Getting vaccinated for Hepatitis A and B
• Practicing safe sex (using condoms)
• Avoiding sharing needles, razors, or syringes
• Ensuring safe blood transfusions
• Washing hands before meals
• Drinking clean, filtered, or boiled water
• Avoiding undercooked or contaminated food
• Limiting alcohol intake
• Getting regular health checkups if at risk
• Strengthening immunity through a healthy lifestyle

Hepatitis Types

Hepatitis is divided into several types based on its cause and how it spreads. Each type affects the liver differently:

Hepatitis A:

This type spreads through contaminated food or water. It is usually short-term and doesn’t cause chronic infection. Most people recover fully with supportive care.

Hepatitis B:

This type spreads through blood, sexual contact, or from mother to child during birth. It can become chronic and lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer if not treated.

Hepatitis C:

This spreads mainly through blood-to-blood contact, such as sharing needles. It can become chronic and may silently damage the liver for years. Modern antiviral medicines can cure it in most cases.

Hepatitis D:

This type only develops in people who are already infected with Hepatitis B. Hepatitis D is severe and harder to treat.

Hepatitis E:

Similar to Hepatitis A, it spreads through contaminated food and water. It usually clears up on its own, but it can be dangerous for pregnant women.

Alcoholic Hepatitis:

Alcoholic hepatitis is caused by excessive drinking. Continuous alcohol use damages the liver and may lead to permanent scarring.

Autoimmune Hepatitis:

In this type, the body’s own immune system attacks the liver. It is rare but can be serious without treatment.

Hepatitis Diagnosis

Doctors use several tests to confirm hepatitis and its type:

• Medical history and physical examination
• Blood tests to detect liver enzymes and viral markers
• Hepatitis antibody and antigen tests
• Liver function tests (ALT, AST, bilirubin levels)
• Imaging tests (ultrasound, CT, MRI) to check liver size and damage
• Liver biopsy in chronic cases
• FibroScan to detect liver stiffness

Hepatitis Treatment

Treatment depends on the type and severity of hepatitis:

For Hepatitis A & E:

• Usually clear up on their own
• Rest, fluids, and proper nutrition
• Avoid alcohol and liver-toxic drugs

For Hepatitis B:

• Take Antiviral medicines
• Regular monitoring of liver health
• In some cases, long-term treatment is required

For Hepatitis C:

• Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) that can cure in 8–12 weeks
• Regular follow-up for liver function

For Alcoholic Hepatitis:

• Complete alcohol withdrawal
• Nutritional support
• Corticosteroids in severe cases

For Autoimmune Hepatitis:

• Corticosteroids
• Immunosuppressive drugs

Supportive Care:

• Balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals
• Adequate hydration
• Vaccinations to prevent Hepatitis A and B
• Liver transplant in end-stage disease

Hepatitis Complications

If left untreated, hepatitis can cause severe complications, including:

• Chronic liver disease
• Cirrhosis 
• Liver failure
• Liver cancer (especially with Hepatitis B & C)
• Co-infections with HIV
• Malnutrition
• Bleeding disorders
• Ascites 
• Encephalopathy
• Death in severe cases

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Disclaimer

Marham shares expert-reviewed information to support your health journey. The information on this page is only to guide and inform you. For any personal advice, it's always best to check with a medical professional.