Jaundice (یرقان) in Urdu - Symptoms, Causes and Prevention

Jaundice in Urdu

یرقان کو انگریزی میں جائنڈس کہا جاتا ہے۔ یہ جگر کی بیماریوں کی ایک اہم ترین علامت ہے۔ یرقان آنکھوں اور جلد کے پیلے ہو جانے سے تشخیص کیا جاتا ہے اسی باعث اس کو پیلیا بھی کہا جاتا ہے۔ اس کی دیگر علامات میں مسوڑوں اور زبان کی رنگت تبدیل ہو کر پیلل یا سیاہی مائل ہو جانا شامل ہیں۔ اس کے علاوہ بھوک کی کمی، منہ کا تلخ ذائقہ، جلد پر دانے، کمزوری اور چڑچڑا پن شامل ہیں۔ بچوں میں پیدائش کے بعد یرقان کی علامات ظاہر ہو سکتی ہیں۔ اس بیماری کا علاج اور خوراک میں احتیاط اس سے نجات دلانے میں معاون ثابت ہوتے ہیں۔

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Summary about Jaundice in English

What is Jaundice?

Jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) is a medical condition in which the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes turn yellow. The skin turns yellow because of a high quantity of bilirubin, a yellow-orange pigment produced by the liver. Bilirubin is produced by the natural breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs).

Jaundice can occur in people of all ages. It normally occurs due to any underlying medical condition. Older adults and newborns have the highest likelihood of getting jaundice. 

It is not a disease itself but indicates any underlying condition related to the liver, gallbladder, etc. 

Jaundice Diagnosis

For the diagnosis of jaundice, the top jaundice specialists in Pakistan prescribe blood tests. The doctor also takes a medical history and performs a physical examination to diagnose jaundice.

Some of the tests prescribed by a doctor to diagnose jaundice are as follows:

  • Complete Blood Count (CBC)

  • Urine Test

  • Liver Function Tests (LFTs)

  • Bilirubin Blood Tests

  • Hepatitis A, B, and C Tests

  • Ultrasound

  • CT Scan

  • ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)

  • Liver Biopsy (In some cases)

Jaundice Treatment

There is no specific treatment for jaundice. It usually gets cured in 10-14 days. It is treated by diagnosing the underlying cause. Some of the common interventions taken are as follows:

  • Increase in Fluid Intake

  • Medications

  • Take Plenty of Rest

  • Take a Balanced and Healthy Diet 

  • Topical Creams and Lotions for Itchy Skin

  • IV Therapy

  • Surgery in Case of Obstructive Jaundice

Book an Appointment Now!

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You can also download Marham’s app by clicking here. You can also book an appointment with any Warts specialist near you for the app. 

Symptoms of Jaundice

Some of the common symptoms of jaundice include:

  • Yellowing of the Skin

  • Yellowing of the Whites of the Eye 

  • Pale-Colored Stools 

  • Fever 

  • Dark Colored Urine

  • Chills 

  • Itchy Skin 

  • Nausea/Vomiting

  • Fatigue

  • Abdominal Pain 

  • Loss of Appetite

  • Weight Loss

  • Abnormal Drowsiness

  • Bruising or Bleeding Easily

Causes of Jaundice

Jaundice is caused by bilirubin overproduction, metabolism, or excretion issues. However, it is important to understand the underlying causes of jaundice. Some of the common causes are as follows:

  • Infection of the Liver (Such as Hepatitis A, B, C, or E)

  • Birth defects such as Gilbert Syndrome, Rotor Syndrome, etc

  • Chronic Liver Diseases 

  • Autoimmune Disorders

  • Inflammation of Gallbladder

  • Hemolytic Anemia

  • Gallstones

  • Cancer 

  • Pregnancy 

  • Blood disorders 

  • Side Effects or Overuse of Certain Medications

  • Some Genetic or Heredity Conditions

Risk Factors of Jaundice

Jaundice is often a result of an underlying condition that causes the production of too much bilirubin or the liver is getting rid of it properly. Both lead to the deposition of bilirubin in tissues. 

The most common risk factors of jaundice are given below:

  • Usage of Illicit Drugs

  • Patients with Alcohol Liver Diseases

  • Exposure to Viral Infections like Hepatitis A and C

  • Long-Term Alcohol Consumption

  • Exposure to Industrial Chemicals

  • Usage of Medications that Cause Liver Diseases

  • Inflammation of the Bile Duct

Preventive Measures of Jaundice

Since there are many causes of jaundice, it is hard to take any specific preventive measures to avoid jaundice. Some of the general tips and tricks are as follows:

  • Take Balanced Diet

  • Take Alcohol in Moderation

  • Exercise Regularly

  • Practice Good Hygiene

  • Manage Cholesterol Levels

  • Get Vaccinated 

  • Never Exchange Needles, Scissors, or Blades

  • Never Share Your Personal Care Products

Types of Jaundice

Jaundice is mainly categorized into three main categories, which are as follows:

  • Pre-Hepatic Jaundice

In pre-hepatic jaundice, the red blood cells are excessively broken down and there is overproduction of bilirubin. Due to this, the ability of the liver to conjugate bilirubin overwhelms. Hence, the presence of unconjugated bilirubin in the blood causes jaundice.

  • Hepatocellular (Intrahepatic Jaundice)

In hepatocellular jaundice, dysfunction of hepatic cells occurs. The liver dysfunctions and loses its ability to conjugate bilirubin. It is caused by liver disease (cirrhosis), liver failure, hepatitis, etc. 

  • Post-Hepatic Jaundice

Post-hepatic jaundice is also known as obstructive jaundice in which obstruction of biliary drainage occurs. In this condition, blockage of the normal passage of bile from the liver to the gut occurs and the bile couldn’t pass out.

Jaundice treatment in other cities