What is Nephrology?
Nephrology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of kidney-related medical conditions and diseases.
What are the Doctors of Nephrology called?
The doctors who treat the illnesses related to kidneys are known as nephrologists or kidney specialists. They deal with all problems ranging from electrolytes, high blood pressure, dialysis, kidney stones amongst other kidney diseases.
When Is It Time To See A Nephrologist?
The following signs and symptoms represent the onset or ensuing kidney diseases. However, it must be remembered that most of the lethal kidney diseases do not have any symptom other than a metallic taste in mouth or fatigue (which may indicate a ton load of other diseases as well!). Nevertheless, watch out for:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Passing only small amounts of urine
- Swelling, particularly of the ankles, and puffiness around the eyes
- Unpleasant taste in the mouth and urine-like odor to the breath
- Persistent fatigue or shortness of breath
- Loss of appetite
- Increasingly higher blood pressure
- Muscle cramps, especially in the legs
- Pale skin
- Excessively dry, itchy skin
- In children: increased fatigue and sleepiness, decrease in appetite, and poor growth
What do the Nephrologist treat?
The common kidney diseases that nephrologists treat include:
- Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome (Nephropathic Cystinosis)
- Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
- Acetaminophen-induced Nephrotoxicity
- Acute Kidney Failure/Acute Kidney Injury
- Acute Lobar Nephronia
- Acute Phosphate Nephropathy
- Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency
- Adenovirus Nephritis
- Alagille Syndrome
- Alport Syndrome
- Amyloidosis
- ANCA Vasculitis Related to Endocarditis and Other Infections
- Angiomyolipoma
- Analgesic Nephropathy
- Anorexia Nervosa and Kidney Disease
- Angiotensin Antibodies and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- Anti-TNF-α Therapy-related Glomerulonephritis
- APOL1 Mutations
- Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome
- Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy, Chinese Herbal Nephropathy, Balkan Endemic Nephropathy
- Bartter Syndrome
- Beeturia
- β-Thalassemia Renal Disease
- Bile Cast Nephropathy
- BK Polyoma Virus Nephropathy in the Native Kidney
- Bladder Rupture
- Bladder Sphincter Dyssynergia
- Bladder Tamponade
- Border-Crossers’ Nephropathy
- Bourbon Virus and Acute Kidney Injury
- Burnt Sugarcane Harvesting and Acute Renal Dysfunction
- Byetta and Renal Failure
- C1q Nephropathy
- Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Acute Renal Failure
- Cardiorenal syndrome
- Carfilzomib-Indiced Renal Injury
- CFHR5 nephropathy
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease with Glomerulopathy
- Cherry Concentrate and Acute Kidney Injury
- Cholesterol Emboli
- Churg–Strauss syndrome
- Chyluria
- Cocaine and the Kidney
- Colistin Nephrotoxicity
- Collagenofibrotic Glomerulopathy
- Collapsing Glomerulopathy, Collapsing Glomerulopathy Related to CMV
- Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome
- Conorenal syndrome (Mainzer-Saldino Syndrome or Saldino-Mainzer Disease)
- Contrast Nephropathy
- Copper Sulpfate Intoxication
- Cortical Necrosis
- Crizotinib-related Acute Kidney Injury
- Cryoglobuinemia
- Crystalglobulin-Induced Nephropathy
- Crystal-Induced Acute Kidney injury
- Cystic Kidney Disease, Acquired
- Cystinuria
- Dasatinib-Induced Nephrotic-Range Proteinuria
- Dense Deposit Disease (MPGN Type 2)
- Dent Disease (X-linked Recessive Nephrolithiasis)
- DHA Crystalline Nephropathy
- Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome
- Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Diabetes Insipidus
- Dietary Supplements and Renal Failure
- Diffuse Mesangial Sclerosis
- Down Syndrome and Kidney Disease
- Drugs of Abuse and Kidney Disease
- Duplicated Ureter
- EAST syndrome
- Ebola and the Kidney
- Ectopic Kidney
- Ectopic Ureter
- Edema, Swelling
- Erdheim-Chester Disease
- Fabry’s Disease
- Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
- Fanconi Syndrome
- Fraser syndrome
- Fibronectin Glomerulopathy
- Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis and Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy
- Fraley syndrome
- Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Sclerosis, Focal Glomerulosclerosis
- Galloway Mowat syndrome
- Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis with Kidney Involvement
- Gestational Hypertension
- Gitelman Syndrome
- Glomerular Diseases
- Glomerular Tubular Reflux
- Glycosuria
- Goodpasture Syndrome
- Hair Dye Ingestion and Acute Kidney Injury
- Hantavirus Infection Podocytopathy
- Heat Stress Nephropathy
- Hematuria (Blood in Urine)
- Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS)
- Hemophagocytic Syndrome
- Hemorrhagic Cystitis
- Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS, Hantavirus Renal Disease, Korean Hemorrhagic Fever, Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever, Nephropathis Epidemica)
- Hemosiderinuria
- Hemosiderosis related to Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and Hemolytic Anemia
- Hepatic Glomerulopathy
- Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease, Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome
- Hepatitis C-Associated Renal Disease
- Hepatorenal Syndrome
- Herbal Supplements and Kidney Disease
- High Blood Pressure and Kidney Disease
- HIV-Associated Immune Complex Kidney Disease (HIVICK)
- HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN)
- HNF1B-related Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease
- Horseshoe Kidney (Renal Fusion)
- Hunner’s Ulcer
- Hyperaldosteronism
- Hypercalcemia
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypermagnesemia
- Hypernatremia
- Hyperoxaluria
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitic Syndrome
- Hypokalemia, Hypokalemia-induced renal dysfunction
- Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
- Hypomagnesemia
- Hyponatremia
- Hypophosphatemia
- IgA Nephropathy
- IgG4 Nephropathy
- Immune-Checkpoint Therapy-Related Interstitial Nephritis
- Interstitial Cystitis, Painful Bladder Syndrome (Questionnaire)
- Interstitial Nephritis
- Ivemark’s syndrome
- Ketamine-Associated Bladder Dysfunction
- Kidney Stones, Nephrolithiasis
- Kombucha Tea Toxicity
- Lead Nephropathy and Lead-Related Nephrotoxicity
- Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency (LCAT Deficiency)
- Leptospirosis Renal Disease
- Light Chain Deposition Disease, Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease
- Liddle Syndrome
- Lightwood-Albright Syndrome
- Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy
- Lithium Nephrotoxicity
- LMX1B Mutations Cause Hereditary FSGS
- Loin Pain Hematuria
- Lupus, Systemic Lupus Erythematosis
- Lupus Kidney Disease, Lupus Nephritis
- Lupus Nephritis with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Seropositivity
- Lupus Podocytopathy
- Lyme Disease-Associated Glomerulonephritis
- Lysozyme Nephropathy
- Malarial Nephropathy
- Malignancy-Associated Renal Disease
- Malignant Hypertension
- Malakoplakia
- Meatal Stenosis
- Medullary Cystic Kidney Disease, Urolodulin-Associated Nephropathy, Juvenile Hyperuricemic Nephropathy Type 1
- Medullary Sponge Kidney
- Megaureter
- Melamine Toxicity and the Kidney
- Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
- Membranous Nephropathy
- Membranous-like Glomerulopathy with Masked IgG Kappa Deposits
- MesoAmerican Nephropathy
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Metabolic Alkalosis
- Methotrexate-related Renal Failure
- Microscopic Polyangiitis
- Milk-alkalai syndrome
- Minimal Change Disease
- MDMA (Molly; Ecstacy; 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) and Kidney Failure
- MUC1 Nephropathy
- Multicystic dysplastic kidney
- Multiple Myeloma
- Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Glomerulopathy
- Nail-patella Syndrome
- Nephrocalcinosis
- Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis
- Nephroptosis (Floating Kidney, Renal Ptosis)
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Neurogenic Bladder
- Nodular Glomerulosclerosis
- Non-Gonococcal Urethritis
- Nutcracker syndrome
- Oligomeganephronia
- Orofaciodigital Syndrome
- Orotic Aciduria
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Orthostatic Proteinuria
- Osmotic Diuresis
- Osmotic Nephrosis
- Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
- Oxalate Nephropathy
- Page Kidney
- Papillary Necrosis
- Papillorenal Syndrome (Renal-Coloboma Syndrome, Isolated Renal Hypoplasia)
- Parvovirus B19 and the Kidney
- The Peritoneal-Renal Syndrome
- Posterior Urethral Valve
- Post-infectious Glomerulonephritis, Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
- Post-Infectious Glomerulonephritis (IgA-Dominant), Mimicking IgA Nephropathy
- Polyarteritis Nodosa
- Polycystic Kidney Disease
- Posterior Urethral Valves
- Preeclampsia
- Propofol infusion syndrome
- Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Monoclonal IgG Deposits (Nasr Disease)
- Propolis (Honeybee Resin) Related Renal Failure
- Proteinuria (Protein in Urine)
- Pseudohyperaldosteronism
- Pseudohypobicarbonatemia
- Pseudohypoparathyroidism
- Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome
- Pyelonephritis (Kidney Infection)
- Pyonephrosis
- Radiation Nephropathy
- Ranolazine and the Kidney
- Refeeding syndrome
- Reflux Nephropathy
- Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
- Renal Abscess, Peripnephric Abscess
- Renal Agenesis
- Renal Arcuate Vein Microthrombi-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
- Renal Artery Aneurysm
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- Renal Cell Cancer
- Renal Cyst
- Renal Hypouricemia with Exercise-induced Acute Renal Failure
- Renal Infarction
- Renal Osteodystrophy
- Renal Tubular Acidosis
- Renin Mutations and Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease
- Renin Secreting Tumors (Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor)
- Reset Osmostat
- Retrocaval Ureter
- Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
- Rhabdomyolysis, Rhabdomyolysis related to Bariatric Sugery
- Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Renal Disease
- Sarcoidosis Renal Disease
- Salt Wasting, Renal and Cerebral
- Schistosomiasis and Glomerular Disease
- Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia
- Scleroderma Renal Crisis
- Serpentine Fibula-Polycystic Kidney Syndrome, Exner Syndrome
- Sickle Cell Nephropathy
- Silica Exposure and Chronic Kidney Disease
- Sri Lankan Farmers’ Kidney Disease
- Sjögren’s Syndrome and Renal Disease
- Synthetic Cannabinoid Use and Acute Kidney Injury
- Kidney Disease Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Kidney Disease Related to Stem Cell Transplantation
- Thin Basement Membrane Disease, Benign Familial Hematuria
- Trigonitis
- Tuberculosis, Genitourinary
- Tuberous Sclerosis
- Tubular Dysgenesis
- Immune Complex Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Due to Autoantibodies to the Proximal Tubule Brush Border
- Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Uremia
- Uremic Optic Neuropathy
- Ureteritis Cystica
- Ureterocele
- Urethral Caruncle
- Urethral Stricture
- Urinary Incontinence
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Urinary Tract Obstruction
- Uromodulin-Associated Kidney Disease
- Vasomotor Nephropathy
- Vesicointestinal Fistula
- Vesicoureteral Reflux
- Volatile Anesthetics and Acute Kidney Injury
- Von Hippel-Lindau Disease
- Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis
- Warfarin-Related Nephropathy
- Wasp Stings and Acute Kidney Injury
- Wegener’s Granulomatosis, Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
- West Nile Virus and Chronic Kidney Disease
- Wunderlich syndrome
- Zellweger Syndrome, Cerebrohepatorenal Syndrome
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