Department of Nephrology

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What is Nephrology?

Nephrology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of kidney-related medical conditions and diseases.

What are the Doctors of Nephrology called?

The doctors who treat the illnesses related to kidneys are known as nephrologists or kidney specialists. They deal with all problems ranging from electrolytes, high blood pressure, dialysis, kidney stones amongst other kidney diseases.

When Is It Time To See A Nephrologist?

The following signs and symptoms represent the onset or ensuing kidney diseases. However, it must be remembered that most of the lethal kidney diseases do not have any symptom other than a metallic taste in mouth or fatigue (which may indicate a ton load of other diseases as well!). Nevertheless, watch out for:

  1. Nausea and vomiting
  2. Passing only small amounts of urine
  3. Swelling, particularly of the ankles, and puffiness around the eyes
  4. Unpleasant taste in the mouth and urine-like odor to the breath
  5. Persistent fatigue or shortness of breath
  6. Loss of appetite
  7. Increasingly higher blood pressure
  8. Muscle cramps, especially in the legs
  9. Pale skin
  10. Excessively dry, itchy skin
  11. In children: increased fatigue and sleepiness, decrease in appetite, and poor growth

What do the Nephrologist treat?

The common kidney diseases that nephrologists treat include:

  1. Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome (Nephropathic Cystinosis)
  2. Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
  3. Acetaminophen-induced Nephrotoxicity
  4. Acute Kidney Failure/Acute Kidney Injury
  5. Acute Lobar Nephronia
  6. Acute Phosphate Nephropathy
  7. Acute Tubular Necrosis
  8. Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency
  9. Adenovirus Nephritis
  10. Alagille Syndrome
  11. Alport Syndrome
  12. Amyloidosis
  13. ANCA Vasculitis Related to Endocarditis and Other Infections
  14. Angiomyolipoma
  15. Analgesic Nephropathy
  16. Anorexia Nervosa and Kidney Disease
  17. Angiotensin Antibodies and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
  18. Antiphospholipid Syndrome
  19. Anti-TNF-α Therapy-related Glomerulonephritis
  20. APOL1 Mutations
  21. Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome
  22. Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy, Chinese Herbal Nephropathy, Balkan Endemic Nephropathy
  23. Bartter Syndrome
  24. Beeturia
  25. β-Thalassemia Renal Disease
  26. Bile Cast Nephropathy
  27. BK Polyoma Virus Nephropathy in the Native Kidney
  28. Bladder Rupture
  29. Bladder Sphincter Dyssynergia
  30. Bladder Tamponade
  31. Border-Crossers’ Nephropathy
  32. Bourbon Virus and Acute Kidney Injury
  33. Burnt Sugarcane Harvesting and Acute Renal Dysfunction
  34. Byetta and Renal Failure
  35. C1q Nephropathy
  36. Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Acute Renal Failure
  37. Cardiorenal syndrome
  38. Carfilzomib-Indiced Renal Injury
  39. CFHR5 nephropathy
  40. Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease with Glomerulopathy
  41. Cherry Concentrate and Acute Kidney Injury
  42. Cholesterol Emboli
  43. Churg–Strauss syndrome
  44. Chyluria
  45. Cocaine and the Kidney
  46. Colistin Nephrotoxicity
  47. Collagenofibrotic Glomerulopathy
  48. Collapsing Glomerulopathy, Collapsing Glomerulopathy Related to CMV
  49. Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome
  50. Conorenal syndrome (Mainzer-Saldino Syndrome or Saldino-Mainzer Disease)
  51. Contrast Nephropathy
  52. Copper Sulpfate Intoxication
  53. Cortical Necrosis
  54. Crizotinib-related Acute Kidney Injury
  55. Cryoglobuinemia
  56. Crystalglobulin-Induced Nephropathy
  57. Crystal-Induced Acute Kidney injury
  58. Cystic Kidney Disease, Acquired
  59. Cystinuria
  60. Dasatinib-Induced Nephrotic-Range Proteinuria
  61. Dense Deposit Disease (MPGN Type 2)
  62. Dent Disease (X-linked Recessive Nephrolithiasis)
  63. DHA Crystalline Nephropathy
  64. Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome
  65. Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease
  66. Diabetes Insipidus
  67. Dietary Supplements and Renal Failure
  68. Diffuse Mesangial Sclerosis
  69. Down Syndrome and Kidney Disease
  70. Drugs of Abuse and Kidney Disease
  71. Duplicated Ureter
  72. EAST syndrome
  73. Ebola and the Kidney
  74. Ectopic Kidney
  75. Ectopic Ureter
  76. Edema, Swelling
  77. Erdheim-Chester Disease
  78. Fabry’s Disease
  79. Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
  80. Fanconi Syndrome
  81. Fraser syndrome
  82. Fibronectin Glomerulopathy
  83. Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis and Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy
  84. Fraley syndrome
  85. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Sclerosis, Focal Glomerulosclerosis
  86. Galloway Mowat syndrome
  87. Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis with Kidney Involvement
  88. Gestational Hypertension
  89. Gitelman Syndrome
  90. Glomerular Diseases
  91. Glomerular Tubular Reflux
  92. Glycosuria
  93. Goodpasture Syndrome
  94. Hair Dye Ingestion and Acute Kidney Injury
  95. Hantavirus Infection Podocytopathy
  96. Heat Stress Nephropathy
  97. Hematuria (Blood in Urine)
  98. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS)
  99. Hemophagocytic Syndrome
  100. Hemorrhagic Cystitis
  101. Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS, Hantavirus Renal Disease, Korean Hemorrhagic Fever, Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever, Nephropathis Epidemica)
  102. Hemosiderinuria
  103. Hemosiderosis related to Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and Hemolytic Anemia
  104. Hepatic Glomerulopathy
  105. Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease, Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome
  106. Hepatitis C-Associated Renal Disease
  107. Hepatorenal Syndrome
  108. Herbal Supplements and Kidney Disease
  109. High Blood Pressure and Kidney Disease
  110. HIV-Associated Immune Complex Kidney Disease (HIVICK)
  111. HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN)
  112. HNF1B-related Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease
  113. Horseshoe Kidney (Renal Fusion)
  114. Hunner’s Ulcer
  115. Hyperaldosteronism
  116. Hypercalcemia
  117. Hyperkalemia
  118. Hypermagnesemia
  119. Hypernatremia
  120. Hyperoxaluria
  121. Hyperphosphatemia
  122. Hypocalcemia
  123. Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitic Syndrome
  124. Hypokalemia, Hypokalemia-induced renal dysfunction
  125. Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
  126. Hypomagnesemia
  127. Hyponatremia
  128. Hypophosphatemia
  129. IgA Nephropathy
  130. IgG4 Nephropathy
  131. Immune-Checkpoint Therapy-Related Interstitial Nephritis
  132. Interstitial Cystitis, Painful Bladder Syndrome (Questionnaire)
  133. Interstitial Nephritis
  134. Ivemark’s syndrome
  135. Ketamine-Associated Bladder Dysfunction
  136. Kidney Stones, Nephrolithiasis
  137. Kombucha Tea Toxicity
  138. Lead Nephropathy and Lead-Related Nephrotoxicity
  139. Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency (LCAT Deficiency)
  140. Leptospirosis Renal Disease
  141. Light Chain Deposition Disease, Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease
  142. Liddle Syndrome
  143. Lightwood-Albright Syndrome
  144. Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy
  145. Lithium Nephrotoxicity
  146. LMX1B Mutations Cause Hereditary FSGS
  147. Loin Pain Hematuria
  148. Lupus, Systemic Lupus Erythematosis
  149. Lupus Kidney Disease, Lupus Nephritis
  150. Lupus Nephritis with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Seropositivity
  151. Lupus Podocytopathy
  152. Lyme Disease-Associated Glomerulonephritis
  153. Lysozyme Nephropathy
  154. Malarial Nephropathy
  155. Malignancy-Associated Renal Disease
  156. Malignant Hypertension
  157. Malakoplakia
  158. Meatal Stenosis
  159. Medullary Cystic Kidney Disease, Urolodulin-Associated Nephropathy, Juvenile Hyperuricemic Nephropathy Type 1
  160. Medullary Sponge Kidney
  161. Megaureter
  162. Melamine Toxicity and the Kidney
  163. Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
  164. Membranous Nephropathy
  165. Membranous-like Glomerulopathy with Masked IgG Kappa Deposits
  166. MesoAmerican Nephropathy
  167. Metabolic Acidosis
  168. Metabolic Alkalosis
  169. Methotrexate-related Renal Failure
  170. Microscopic Polyangiitis
  171. Milk-alkalai syndrome
  172. Minimal Change Disease
  173. MDMA (Molly; Ecstacy; 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) and Kidney Failure
  174. MUC1 Nephropathy
  175. Multicystic dysplastic kidney
  176. Multiple Myeloma
  177. Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Glomerulopathy
  178. Nail-patella Syndrome
  179. Nephrocalcinosis
  180. Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis
  181. Nephroptosis (Floating Kidney, Renal Ptosis)
  182. Nephrotic Syndrome
  183. Neurogenic Bladder
  184. Nodular Glomerulosclerosis
  185. Non-Gonococcal Urethritis
  186. Nutcracker syndrome
  187. Oligomeganephronia
  188. Orofaciodigital Syndrome
  189. Orotic Aciduria
  190. Orthostatic Hypotension
  191. Orthostatic Proteinuria
  192. Osmotic Diuresis
  193. Osmotic Nephrosis
  194. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
  195. Oxalate Nephropathy
  196. Page Kidney
  197. Papillary Necrosis
  198. Papillorenal Syndrome (Renal-Coloboma Syndrome, Isolated Renal Hypoplasia)
  199. Parvovirus B19 and the Kidney
  200. The Peritoneal-Renal Syndrome
  201. Posterior Urethral Valve
  202. Post-infectious Glomerulonephritis, Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
  203. Post-Infectious Glomerulonephritis (IgA-Dominant), Mimicking IgA Nephropathy
  204. Polyarteritis Nodosa
  205. Polycystic Kidney Disease
  206. Posterior Urethral Valves
  207. Preeclampsia
  208. Propofol infusion syndrome
  209. Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Monoclonal IgG Deposits (Nasr Disease)
  210. Propolis (Honeybee Resin) Related Renal Failure
  211. Proteinuria (Protein in Urine)
  212. Pseudohyperaldosteronism
  213. Pseudohypobicarbonatemia
  214. Pseudohypoparathyroidism
  215. Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome
  216. Pyelonephritis (Kidney Infection)
  217. Pyonephrosis
  218. Radiation Nephropathy
  219. Ranolazine and the Kidney
  220. Refeeding syndrome
  221. Reflux Nephropathy
  222. Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
  223. Renal Abscess, Peripnephric Abscess
  224. Renal Agenesis
  225. Renal Arcuate Vein Microthrombi-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
  226. Renal Artery Aneurysm
  227. Renal Artery Stenosis
  228. Renal Cell Cancer
  229. Renal Cyst
  230. Renal Hypouricemia with Exercise-induced Acute Renal Failure
  231. Renal Infarction
  232. Renal Osteodystrophy
  233. Renal Tubular Acidosis
  234. Renin Mutations and Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease
  235. Renin Secreting Tumors (Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor)
  236. Reset Osmostat
  237. Retrocaval Ureter
  238. Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
  239. Rhabdomyolysis, Rhabdomyolysis related to Bariatric Sugery
  240. Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Renal Disease
  241. Sarcoidosis Renal Disease
  242. Salt Wasting, Renal and Cerebral
  243. Schistosomiasis and Glomerular Disease
  244. Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia
  245. Scleroderma Renal Crisis
  246. Serpentine Fibula-Polycystic Kidney Syndrome, Exner Syndrome
  247. Sickle Cell Nephropathy
  248. Silica Exposure and Chronic Kidney Disease
  249. Sri Lankan Farmers’ Kidney Disease
  250. Sjögren’s Syndrome and Renal Disease
  251. Synthetic Cannabinoid Use and Acute Kidney Injury
  252. Kidney Disease Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Kidney Disease Related to Stem Cell Transplantation
  253. Thin Basement Membrane Disease, Benign Familial Hematuria
  254. Trigonitis
  255. Tuberculosis, Genitourinary
  256. Tuberous Sclerosis
  257. Tubular Dysgenesis
  258. Immune Complex Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Due to Autoantibodies to the Proximal Tubule Brush Border
  259. Tumor Lysis Syndrome
  260. Uremia
  261. Uremic Optic Neuropathy
  262. Ureteritis Cystica
  263. Ureterocele
  264. Urethral Caruncle
  265. Urethral Stricture
  266. Urinary Incontinence
  267. Urinary Tract Infection
  268. Urinary Tract Obstruction
  269. Uromodulin-Associated Kidney Disease
  270. Vasomotor Nephropathy
  271. Vesicointestinal Fistula
  272. Vesicoureteral Reflux
  273. Volatile Anesthetics and Acute Kidney Injury
  274. Von Hippel-Lindau Disease
  275. Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis
  276. Warfarin-Related Nephropathy
  277. Wasp Stings and Acute Kidney Injury
  278. Wegener’s Granulomatosis, Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
  279. West Nile Virus and Chronic Kidney Disease
  280. Wunderlich syndrome
  281. Zellweger Syndrome, Cerebrohepatorenal Syndrome

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